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Pain Manag 2021 Apr 12. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Pain Medicine, UC San Diego Health, CA 92103, USA.

Migraine is a leading cause of morbidity and disability worldwide. Triptans were the first migraine-specific drug class developed and have proven efficacy in treatment of this neurological disease. They are however contraindicated in patients with cardiovascular disease and possibly others, owning to their vasoconstrictive properties. Read More

Int J Biol Macromol 2021 Apr 7. Epub 2021 Apr 7.

Division of Biochemistry, ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi 110012, India. Electronic address:

Starch bioavailability which results in eliciting postprandial glycaemic response, is a trait of great significance and is majorly influenced by the physical interaction among the matrix components governed by their molecular structure as well as dynamics. Among physical interactions limiting starch bioavailability, starch and any guest molecules like lipid interact together to alter the molecular structure into a compact V-type arrangement endorsing the processed crystallinity, thus limiting carbolytic enzymatic digestion and further bioavailability. Considering the importance of starch-lipid dynamics affecting bioavailability, intensive research based on endogenous (internal lipids which are embedded into the food matrix) as well as exogenous (those are added from outside into the food matrix during processing like cooking) lipids have been carried out, endorsing physical interactions at colloidal and microstructural levels. Read More

Circ Res 2021 Apr 9. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Internal Medicine, VCU Medical Center, UNITED STATES.

Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase (IAP) is secreted by enterocytes and is present on the apical surface. It not only detoxifies bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the gut lumen and limits intestinal inflammation but also restricts translocation of LPS into systemic circulation. Diet-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction and subsequent development of metabolic endotoxemia seen in diabetes and heart disease is associated with reduced IAP levels. Read More

Cureus 2021 Mar 5;13(3):e13724. Epub 2021 Mar 5.

Psychotherapy and Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.

Acute pancreatitis is the most common iatrogenic dilemma of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, and it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Several factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis, and preventive measures were practiced accordingly. This study aims to refine the potential mechanisms that trigger post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis and define the role of enteropeptidase in the pathogenesis of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 Apr;100(14):e25465

Department of Ophthalmology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.

Rationale: Treatment of macular hole retinal detachment (MHRD) in patients with pathologic myopia may require multiple surgeries due to the risk of surgical failures or recurrences. Intravitreal silicone oil injection before an additional surgery may be another option for recurrent MHRD in aphakic eyes, but this procedure is rarely performed.

Patient Concerns: A 69-year-old man visited the hospital with a chief complaint of metamorphopsia in his right eye for 5 days. Read More