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Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2021 26;16:147-158. Epub 2021 Jan 26.

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, People's Republic of China.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by irreversible airflow limitation, is a highly prevalent lung disease worldwide and imposes increasing disease burdens globally. Emphysema is one of the primary pathological features contributing to the irreversible decline of pulmonary function in COPD patients, but the pathogenetic mechanisms remain unclear. Reticulocalbin 3 (Rcn3) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen protein localized in the secretory pathway of living cells. Read More

Pharmaceutics 2020 Oct 3;12(10). Epub 2020 Oct 3.

Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.

SARS-CoV-2 has affected people from all age groups, races and ethnicities. Given that many infected individuals are asymptomatic, they transmit the disease to others unknowingly, which has resulted in the spread of infection at an alarming rate. This review aims to provide an overview of the pathophysiology, preventive measures to reduce the disease spread, therapies currently in use, an update on vaccine development and opportunities for vaccine delivery. Read More

Am J Otolaryngol 2020 Sep - Oct;41(5):102551. Epub 2020 May 27.

Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, Otolaryngology Division, Sassari, Italy; Otolaryngology, Dipartimento delle Scienze Mediche, Chirurgiche e Sperimentali, Università di Sassari, Italy.

RT-PCR detection of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA on nasopharyngeal swab is the standard for diagnosing active Covid-19 disease in asymptomatic subjects and in symptomatic patients without the typical radiological findings. Nasopharyngeal swabbing appears a trivial procedure, still an inappropriate nasopharyngeal sampling, performed by untrained operators, can be a relevant cause of false negative findings with a clear negative impact on the effort to control the epidemic and, when PPE is not properly used, this can expose healthcare workers and patients to risks of contagion. Read More

Sci Rep 2020 05 15;10(1):8024. Epub 2020 May 15.

Pornchai Matangkasombut Center for Microbial Genomics, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, Thailand.

Homoplastic mutations are mutations independently occurring in different clades of an organism. The homoplastic changes may be a result of convergence evolution due to selective pressures. Reports on the analysis of homoplastic mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been limited. Read More

Avicenna J Phytomed 2020 Mar-Apr;10(2):143-151

Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University.

Objective: Influenza virus, which is associated with high level of morbidity and mortality, has been recently considered a public health concern; however, the methods of choice to control and treat it are limited. Our previous study showed anti-influenza virus activity of pomegranate peel extract (PPE). In this study, the mechanism through which PPE acts against influenza virus A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1; PR8) was investigated. Read More