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Clin Infect Dis 2021 Feb 26. Epub 2021 Feb 26.

U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia, United States.

Background: Monitoring of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody prevalence can complement case reporting to inform more accurate estimates of SARS-CoV-2 infection burden, but few studies have undertaken repeated sampling over time on a broad geographic scale.

Methods: We performed serologic testing on a convenience sample of residual sera obtained from persons of all ages, at ten sites in the United States from March 23 through August 14, 2020, from routine clinical testing at commercial laboratories. We age-sex-standardized our seroprevalence rates using census population projections and adjusted for laboratory assay performance. Read More

Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2021 Feb 18;127:102062. Epub 2021 Feb 18.

Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

Rationale: Host-directed therapeutics for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) offer potential strategies for combatting antibiotic resistance and for killing non-replicating bacilli. Phenylbutyrate, a partially selective histone-deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, was previously shown to control Mtb growth and alter macrophage inflammatory pathways at 2-4 mM concentrations.

Objective: To identify a more potent and selective HDAC inhibitor that modulates macrophage responses to mycobacteria and has direct antibacterial effects against Mtb. Read More

J Clin Virol 2021 Feb 21;137:104781. Epub 2021 Feb 21.

Servicio de Microbiología Clínica, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Biomedicina y Biotecnología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Spain.

Objectives: Antigen rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDT) have been developed as reliable tools to control the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The objective of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of two Ag-RDTs.

Methods: We evaluated CerTest SARS-CoV-2 Ag One Step Card Test and Panbio COVID-19 Ag Rapid Test Device Ag-RDTs. Read More

J Clin Virol 2021 Feb 9;136:104757. Epub 2021 Feb 9.

Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States; Clinical Virology Laboratory, Stanford Health Care, California, United States; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States. Electronic address:

Background: Measles virus (MeV) is an important cause of acute febrile illness and pediatric mortality globally, with recent U.S. outbreaks associated with under-vaccination. Read More

Vet Microbiol 2021 Feb 17;255:109017. Epub 2021 Feb 17.

Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan; Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan. Electronic address:

Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is one of the agents causing bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC), with single infection tending to be mild to moderate; the probability of developing pneumonia in BRDC may be affected by viral and bacterial combinations. Previously, we reported that bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) infection enhances adherence of Pasteurella multocida (PM) to cells derived from the bovine lower respiratory tract but that BRSV infection in cells derived from the upper respiratory tract reduces PM adherence. In this study, we sought to clarify whether the modulation of bacterial adherence to cells derived from the bovine upper and lower respiratory tract is shared by other BRDC-related viruses by infecting bovine epithelial cells from the trachea, bronchus and lung with BCoV and/or PM. Read More