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WIREs Mech Dis 2022 Aug 10:e1583. Epub 2022 Aug 10.

Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.

Axonal loss in multiple sclerosis (MS) is a key component of disease progression and permanent neurologic disability. MS is a heterogeneous demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with varying presentation, disease courses, and prognosis. Immunomodulatory therapies reduce the frequency and severity of inflammatory demyelinating events that are a hallmark of MS, but there is minimal therapy to treat progressive disease and there is no cure. Read More

Am J Hum Genet 2022 Aug 6. Epub 2022 Aug 6.

Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.

The leucine-rich glioma-inactivated (LGI) family consists of four highly conserved paralogous genes, LGI1-4, that are highly expressed in mammalian central and/or peripheral nervous systems. LGI1 antibodies are detected in subjects with autoimmune limbic encephalitis and peripheral nerve hyperexcitability syndromes (PNHSs) such as Isaacs and Morvan syndromes. Pathogenic variations of LGI1 and LGI4 are associated with neurological disorders as disease traits including familial temporal lobe epilepsy and neurogenic arthrogryposis multiplex congenita 1 with myelin defects, respectively. Read More

Hum Mol Genet 2022 Aug 10. Epub 2022 Aug 10.

Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.

DNA methylation plays critical function in establishing and maintaining cell identity in brain. Disruption of DNA methylation-related processes lead to diverse neurological disorders. However, the role of DNA methylation characteristics in neuronal diversity remains underexplored. Read More

Phytomedicine 2022 Aug 1;105:154373. Epub 2022 Aug 1.

Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing key Laboratory of pharmacology of Chinese Materia Region, Beijing 100091, PR China; NICM, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia. Electronic address:

Background: Microglia can be activated as proinflammatory (M1) phenotypes and anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotypes after stroke. Parthenolide (PTL) has anti-inflammatory and protective effects on neurological diseases, but until now, the exact mechanisms of these processes after stroke have been unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of PTL on microglial polarization after stroke and its target for inducing microglial polarization. Read More

ACS Chem Neurosci 2022 Aug 10. Epub 2022 Aug 10.

Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China.

Suppression of excessive microglial overactivation can prevent the progression of multiple sclerosis (MS). Histone deacetylases 3 inhibitor (HDAC3i) has been demonstrated to exert anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing microglia (M1-liked) activation. Here, we demonstrate that the RGFP966 (a selective inhibitor of HDAC3) protects white matter after cuprizone-induced demyelination, as shown by reductions in neurological behavioral deficits and increases in myelin basic protein. Read More