Publications by authors named "Xiaogang Li"

238 Publications

Sepsis-induced acute lung injury in young rats is relieved by calycosin through inactivating the HMGB1/MyD88/NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome.

Authors:
Gaoyan Chen Yan Hou Xiaogang Li Rui Pan Dongchi Zhao

Int Immunopharmacol 2021 Apr 13;96:107623. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Department of Pediatrics, Children's Digital Health and Data Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China. Electronic address:

Purpose: Sepsis is the primary cause for children's death worldwide. Calycosin (CAL) is an astragalus extract with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-tumor functions. This study aims to probe the role of CAL in alleviating sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI).

Patients And Methods: Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) was carried out in young rats to induce sepsis model, which were then treated with CAL. The histopathological changes of the lung were observed, and the dry/wet (W/D) weight ratio of the lung was calculated to analyze pulmonary edema. Apoptosis was determined by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, and the contents of PaO, PaCO and PaO/FiO in the aortic blood of the rats were monitored by blood-gas analysis. In addition, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was applied to treat Type II alveolar epithelial cells (AEC-II) to establish an in-vitro sepsis model. Cell viability was detected by the (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bax, Bcl2 and Caspase3, as well as the HMGB1/MyD88/NF-κB axis and NLRP3 inflammasome were measured by Western Blot. The profiles of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, and MCP-1) and oxidative stress markers (MDA, SOD, and CAT) in rat serum and AEC-II cells were also detected.

Results: CLP induced remarkable lung injury in the young rats. The administration of CAL significantly mitigated pathological injuries of rat lung, reduced lung edema and the apoptosis (labeled by TUNEL). In vitro, CAL treatment improved the damage of LPS-treated AEC-II cells. In addition, CAL dampened inflammation and oxidative stress both in vitro and in vivo, repressed the HMGB1/MyD88/NF-κB pathway and NLRP inflammasome activation induced by CLP or LPS. Interestingly, inhibiting HMGB1 (by ethyl pyruvate, EP) enhanced CAL-mediated protective effects against LPS in AEC-II cells.

Conclusion: CAL alleviates sepsis-induced ALI in young rats by inhibiting the HMGB1/MyD88/NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107623DOI Listing
April 2021

Fabrication a controlled-release pesticide for improving UV-shielding properties and reducing toxicity via coating polydopamine.

Authors:
Ya Wang Chaonan Li Xin Zhang Wei Chen Xiaogang Li

J Environ Sci Health B 2021 Apr 5:1-10. Epub 2021 Apr 5.

College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.

Controlled-release formulations (CRFs) have potential applications in modern agriculture, for it can not only prolong the duration of agrochemicals but also alleviate the adverse effect on non-target organism. In this study, we constructed pyraclostrobin@SiO@polydopamine microcapsule (Pyr@SiO@PDA MC). The resulting microcapsule is a near-rod shape (about 1.15 μm), which has a drug-loading efficiency of 55%. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG) revealed the successful entrapment of the pesticide. The coating of polydopamine (PDA) endowing the microcapsule with superior UV-shielding properties than pyraclostrobin@SiO microcapsule (Pyr@SiO MC). Compared with pyraclostrobin emulsifiable concentrate (EC), the Pyr@SiO@PDA MC exhibited 9.07-, 5.50-, 4.93- and 4.16-fold higher fungicidal activity against Rice blast fungus ( oryzae) at concentrations of 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 mg/L. Moreover, acute toxicity tests demonstrated that the sample on zebrafish with lower toxicity on the first day. These results showed that the obtained microcapsule may process broader application potential in agriculture.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03601234.2021.1908799DOI Listing
April 2021

Non-Coding RNAs in Hereditary Kidney Disorders.

Authors:
Julie Xia Zhou Xiaogang Li

Int J Mol Sci 2021 Mar 16;22(6). Epub 2021 Mar 16.

Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

Single-gene defects have been revealed to be the etiologies of many kidney diseases with the recent advances in molecular genetics. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), as one of the most common inherited kidney diseases, is caused by mutations of PKD1 or PKD2 gene. Due to the complexity of pathophysiology of cyst formation and progression, limited therapeutic options are available. The roles of noncoding RNAs in development and disease have gained widespread attention in recent years. In particular, microRNAs in promoting PKD progression have been highlighted. The dysregulated microRNAs modulate cyst growth through suppressing the expression of PKD genes and regulating cystic renal epithelial cell proliferation, mitochondrial metabolism, apoptosis and autophagy. The antagonists of microRNAs have emerged as potential therapeutic drugs for the treatment of ADPKD. In addition, studies have also focused on microRNAs as potential biomarkers for ADPKD and other common hereditary kidney diseases, including HNF1β-associated kidney disease, Alport syndrome, congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT), von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease, and Fabry disease. This review assembles the current understanding of the non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, in polycystic kidney disease and these common monogenic kidney diseases.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22063014DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7998154PMC
March 2021

Cell nucleus as endogenous biological micropump.

Authors:
Qing Gao Weihong Wang Xiaogang Li Yuchao Li Pietro Ferraro Xingyuan Jiao Xiaoshuai Liu Yao Zhang Baojun Li

Biosens Bioelectron 2021 Mar 17;182:113166. Epub 2021 Mar 17.

Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China.

Micropumps can generate directional microflows in blood vessels or bio-capillaries for targeted transport of nanoparticles and cells in vivo, which is highly significant for biomedical applications from active drug delivery to precision clinical therapy. Meanwhile, they have been extensively used in the biosensing fields with their unique features of autonomous motion, easy surface functionalization, dynamic capture and effective isolation of analytes in complex biological media. However, synthetic devices for actuating microflows, including pumps and motors, generally exhibit poor or limited biocompatibility with living organisms as a result of the invasive implantation of exogenous materials into blood vessels. Here we demonstrate a method of constructing endogenous micropumps by extracting nuclei from red blood cells, thus making them intrinsically and completely biocompatible. The nuclei are extracted and then driven by a scanning optical tweezing system. By a precise actuation of the microflows, nanoparticles and cells are navigated to target destinations, and the transport velocity and direction is controlled by the multifunctional dynamics of the micropumps. With the targeted transport of functionalized micro/nanoparticles followed by a dynamic mixing in microliter blood samples, the micropumps provide considerable promises to enhance the target binding efficiency and improve the sensitivity and speed of biological assays in vivo. Furthermore, multiplexing by simultaneously driving an array of multiple nuclei is demonstrated, thus confirming that the micropumps could provide a bio-friendly high-throughput in vivo platform for the treatment of blood diseases, microenvironment monitoring, and biomedical analysis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2021.113166DOI Listing
March 2021

Enlarging the π-Conjugation of Cobalt Porphyrin for Highly Active and Selective CO Electroreduction.

Authors:
Shuo Dou Libo Sun Shibo Xi Xiaogang Li Tan Su Hong Jin Fan Xin Wang

ChemSusChem 2021 Mar 22. Epub 2021 Mar 22.

School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore.

Heterogeneous molecular catalysts have attracted considerable attention as carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO RR) electrocatalysts. The π-electron system of conjugated ligands in molecular catalysts may play an important role in determining the activity. In this work, by enlarging π-conjugation through appending more aromatic substituents on the porphyrin ligand, altered π-electron system endows the as-prepared 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-(pyren-1-yl)phenyl)porphyrin Co with high Faradaic efficiency (ca. 95 %) for CO production, as well as high turnover frequency (2.1 s at -0.6 V vs. RHE). Density functional theory calculation further suggests that the improved electrocatalytic performance mainly originates from the higher proportion of Co orbital and the CO π* orbital in the HOMO of the (Co-porphyrin-CO ) intermediate with larger π-conjugation, which facilitates the CO activation. This work provides strong evidence that π-conjugation perturbation is effective in boosting the CO RR.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202100176DOI Listing
March 2021

Risk factors for mortality due to COVID-19 in intensive care units: a single-center study.

Authors:
Yu Chen Zhengyin Liu Xiaogang Li Jing Zhao Dong Wu Meng Xiao Dong Zhang Peng Gao Ran Tian Jing Xie Siyuan Fan Binbin Li Yingchun Xu Yongzhe Li Shuyang Zhang

Ann Transl Med 2021 Feb;9(4):276

Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.

Background: Many studies have revealed several risk factors associated with the prognosis of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but the risk factors associated with death in critically ill COVID-19 patients still needs to be fully elucidated. Therefore, we analyzed clinical characteristics and laboratory data of ICU patients to identify risk factors associated with COVID-19 death.

Methods: Patients with COVID-19 from the ICU in the Sino-French New City Branch of Tongji Hospital Wuhan, China, between February 4 and February 29, 2020, were enrolled in this study. The final date of follow-up was April 4, 2020. Clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, treatment, and outcome of participants before and during the ICU stay were retrospectively collected and analyzed.

Results: A total of 92 patients were admitted or transferred to the ICU from February 4 to February 29, 2020. Compared to survivors, the majority of non-survivors (73.8%) presented with dyspnea. A random forest classifier and ROC curve were used to develop a predictive model. IL-6, D-dimer, lymphocytes, and albumin achieved good performance with AUCs of 0.9476, 0.9165, 0.8994, and 0.9251, respectively, which were consistent with clinical observations, such as inflammation, lymphopenia, and coagulation dysfunction. Combining IL-6 and D-dimer improved the performance of this model with an excellent AUC (0.997).

Conclusions: Mortality in COVID-19 was not rare in critically ill patients. The model that combined IL-6 and D-dimer was valuable for predicting the mortality of patients with COVID-19 with excellent performance. This model needs to be further optimized by adding more indicators and then evaluated with a multicenter study.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/atm-20-4877DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7944265PMC
February 2021

Metabolomic alterations associated with copper stress in .

Authors:
Tianshu Sun Xiaogang Li Wei Song Shuying Yu Linqi Wang Chen Ding Yingchun Xu

Future Microbiol 2021 Mar 26;16:305-316. Epub 2021 Feb 26.

Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe & Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.

Copper stress is an effective host strategy in resisting the opportunistic pathogenic fungus . We studied metabolic changes in under copper stress. Wild-type and metallothionein-null were treated with copper on agar containing glucose, glycerol or ethanol as the carbon source and their metabolites were analyzed by untarget metabolomics strategy using gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The metabolic profile of varied in the presence and absence of copper. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that the differentially abundant metabolites were related to amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism. grown on glycerol or ethanol resisted copper toxicity better than grown on glucose. Copper stress alters the metabolic profile of .
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/fmb-2020-0290DOI Listing
March 2021

Urinary SARS-CoV-2 RNA is An Indicator For The Progression and Prognosis of COVID-19 Disease.

Authors:
Maoqing Tian Lu Zhang Kai Zhu Bo Shen Gang Wang Yuan Song Cheng Chen Wei Liang Yang Guan Guohua Ding Tiechi Lei Xiaogang Li Jingyuan Xie Yongqing Tong Huiming Wang

Res Sq 2021 Feb 18. Epub 2021 Feb 18.

We aimed to analyse clinical characteristics and find potential factors predicting poor prognosis in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We analyzed the demographic and clinical data of COVID-19 patients and detected SARS-CoV-2 RNA in urine sediments collected from 53 COVID-19 patients enrolled in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from January 31, 2020 to February 18, 2020 with qRT-PCR analysis, and then classified those patients based on clinical conditions (severe or non-severe syndrome) and urinary SARS-CoV-2 RNA (U or U ). We found that COVID-19 patients with severe syndrome (severe patients) showed significantly higher positive rate (11 of 23, 47.8%) of urinary SARS-CoV-2 RNA than non-severe patients (4 of 30, 13.3%, p = 0.006). U patients or severe U subgroup exhibited higher prevalence of inflammation and immune discord, cardiovascular diseases, liver damage and renal disfunction, and higher risk of death than U patients. To understand the potential mechanisms underlying the viral urine shedding, we performed renal histopathological analysis on postmortems of patients with COVID-19 and found that severe renal vascular endothelium lesion characterized by increase of the expression of thrombomodulin and von Willebrand factor, markers to assess the endothelium dysfunction. We proposed a theoretical and mathematic model to depict the potential factors determining the urine shedding of SARS-CoV-2. This study indicated that urinary SARS-CoV-2 RNA detected in urine specimens can be used to predict the progression and prognosis of COVID-19 severity.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-203728/v1DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7899468PMC
February 2021

Co-planting of with enhanced their phytoremediation potential to multi-metal contaminated soil.

Authors:
Haojie Qu Chuanxin Ma Jiang Xiao Xiaogang Li Shufeng Wang Guangcai Chen

Int J Phytoremediation 2021 Jan 27:1-9. Epub 2021 Jan 27.

Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China.

To screen the efficient tree-herb co-planting patterns to remediate the heavy metal polluted soil, a greenhouse experiment was conducted for 150 days to examine the plant growth and metals accumulation across three co-planting patterns, including (S) co-planted with (NS) or (PS), and those three species are co-planted together (NPS). Results showed that the NPS pattern slightly decreased the tree biomass, while NS and PS treatments improved the plant growth (1.51-10.68%). It is worth noting that the NS treatment significantly ( < 0.05) increased photosynthetic pigment content (82.61-113.93%), net CO assimilation (21.44%), and the uptake of Cd (44.58%) in ; the PS treatment significantly ( < 0.05) increased the net CO assimilation (8.61%) and the uptake of Cd (42.23%), Zn (31.18%) in ; and the uptake of Cd and Zn in the NPS co-planting treatment were only slightly increased. For , the photosynthetic pigment content was elevated and the metal accumulation in itself also maintained the relative stable in all the co-planting treatments. Thus, co-planting of with was a promising way to remediate heavily polluted soil by heavy metals. : Co-planting with multiple plant species, as a novel strategy, has great value for the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil. The paper aimed to explore the suitable co-planting pattern of , arbor trees which showed phytoremediation potential, co-planted with Cd hyperaccumulator, . The result suggested the co-planting with enhanced the plant growth, photosynthesis, and metals extraction of and . Co-planting also improved ecological adaptation of via elevating pigment content. Thus, co-planting of with was a promising way to remediate polluted soil.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15226514.2021.1878105DOI Listing
January 2021

Renalase improves pressure overload-induced heart failure in rats by regulating extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 signaling.

Authors:
Yuyan Wu Chengxuan Quan Yan Yang Zhongshu Liang Weihong Jiang Xiaogang Li

Hypertens Res 2021 Jan 8. Epub 2021 Jan 8.

Department of Cardiology, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.

Renalase, a novel flavoprotein that is mainly expressed in the kidney and heart, plays a crucial role in hypertension. Recent studies have shown that renalase is expressed at low levels in the serum of patients with heart failure, while the role of renalase and its mechanism in cardiac failure is unclear. Adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used to investigate the role and function of renalase in the pathological process of transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-induced heart failure. Renalase-human protein chip analysis showed that renalase was directly associated with P38 and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling. We further used lentivirus-mediated RNA interference to study the role of renalase in the progression of pathological ventricular hypertrophy and found that renalase inhibition attenuated the noradrenaline-induced hypertrophic response in vitro or the pressure overload-induced hypertrophic response in vivo. Recombinant renalase protein significantly alleviated pressure overload-induced cardiac failure and was associated with P38 and ERK1/2 signaling. These findings demonstrate that renalase is a potential biomarker of hypertrophy and that exogenous recombinant renalase is a potential and novel drug for heart failure.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41440-020-00599-6DOI Listing
January 2021

Impact of statin use on the risk and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis.

Authors:
Jianfeng Wang Xiaogang Li

Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021 Mar 12. Epub 2021 Mar 12.

Department of Gastroenterology, Baoshan Branch of Shanghai Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China.

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that statin use might be associated with a reduced risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the value of statin on the prognosis still needs to be evaluated. Based on the above considerations, we conducted a meta-analysis regarding the value of statin on the prevention and prognosis of HCC.

Methods: Articles regarding the impact of statin use on the risk, prognosis of HCC and published before October 2020 were searched in the five databases. We computed odds ratio (OR)/relative risk (RR) or hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) regarding the association between statin use and the risk or prognosis of HCC by using STATA 12.0 software.

Results: Twenty-six studies (including 1772 463 participants) detected the association between statin use and risk of HCC. Additionally, seven studies (including 8925 statin users and 76 487 no-statin users) explored the association between statin use and mortality of HCC. The meta-analysis showed that statin use was associated with lower risk and all-cause mortality of HCC with random effects models (risk: OR/RR = 0.57, 95% CI 0.49-0.65, I2 = 86.0%, P < 0.0001; all-cause mortality: HR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.68-0.94, I2 = 77.6%, P < 0.0001). However, statin use was not associated with cancer-specific mortality of HCC with a random effects model (HR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.62-1.03, I2 = 73.9%, P = 0.002).

Conclusion: In conclusion, our results have demonstrated the salutary effect of statin on the prevention and prognosis of HCC.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MEG.0000000000002040DOI Listing
March 2021

TREM-1 promoted apoptosis and inhibited autophagy in LPS-treated HK-2 cells through the NF-κB pathway.

Authors:
Pan Pan Xudong Liu LingLing Wu Xiaogang Li Kaifei Wang Xiaoting Wang Xiang Zhou Yun Long Dawei Liu Lixin Xie Longxiang Su

Int J Med Sci 2021 1;18(1):8-17. Epub 2021 Jan 1.

Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.

Triggering receptor expressed by myeloid cells (TREM-1) is an amplifier of inflammatory responses triggered by bacterial or fungal infection. Soluble TREM-1 (sTREM-1) expression was found to be upregulated in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) and predicted to be a potential biomarker. However, the mechanism remains unclear. The human kidney-2 (HK-2) cell line was treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and used to examine the potential roles of TREM-1 in apoptosis and autophagy. A cell viability assay was employed to assess the number of viable cells and as a measure of the proliferative index. The concentrations of sTREM-1, interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and IL-6 in cell-free culture supernatants were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Western blot analysis was performed to analyze apoptosis, autophagy and the relevant signaling pathways. The results suggested that TREM-1 overexpression after LPS treatment decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis. The concentrations of sTREM-1, IL-1β, TNFα and IL-6 in cell-free culture supernatants were increased in the TREM-1 overexpression group after LPS treatment. Expression of the antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2 was downregulated in the TREM-1 overexpression group, while that of the proapoptotic genes Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9 was upregulated. Overexpression of TREM-1 downregulated expression of the autophagy genes Beclin-1, Atg-5 and LC3b and increased the gene expression of p62, which inhibits autophagy. Conversely, treatment with TREM-1-specific shRNA had the opposite effects. The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway (P-p65/p65 and P-IκBα/IκBα) in LPS-induced HK-2 cells was regulated by TREM-1. In summary, TREM-1 promoted apoptosis and inhibited autophagy in HK-2 cells in the context of LPS exposure potentially through the NF-κB pathway.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ijms.50893DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7738954PMC
January 2021

The effect of particle size of bamboo biochar on the phytoremediation of C. to multi-metal polluted soil.

Authors:
Xiaogang Li Jiang Xiao Chuanxin Ma Mir Md Abdus Salam Jiuxi Shi Guangcai Chen

Int J Phytoremediation 2020 Nov 28:1-11. Epub 2020 Nov 28.

Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Biochar shows great potential in soil remediation. The benefits of biochar on soil depend onits intrinsic properties and soil characteristics. However, the influence of particle sizes of biochar on soil remediation is not clear. In a pot experiment, we evaluated the effects of bamboo biochar (BBC) particle sizes (P1 < 0.15 mm, 0.15 mm < P2 < 0.25 mm, 0.25 mm < P3 < 0.50 mm) on phytoremediation efficiency of C. cultivated in multi-metal polluted soil. We added the BBC at 3% () in tested soil. Next, the BBC was thoroughly mixed with soil and weighting to the pot, and cuttings were planted and grown for six months in the amended soil under model growth condition.Results revealed the addition of different sizes of BBC particles affected soil quality, plant growth, and HMs accumulation in plants. All sizes of BBC treatments improved Cd and Zn accumulation, whereas plants in P2 treatment showed the greatest accumulation, increased by 52.41 and 25.55% compared with the control (1,503 and 19,928 μg·plant). Overall, the results indicated BBC enhanced the phytoremediation efficiency of . Plants cultivated in P2 treatment showed the most significant effect on remediating contaminated soil.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15226514.2020.1849012DOI Listing
November 2020

Regulation of Gluconeogenesis by Aldo-keto-reductase 1a1b in Zebrafish.

Authors:
Xiaogang Li Felix Schmöhl Haozhe Qi Katrin Bennewitz Christoph T Tabler Gernot Poschet Rüdiger Hell Nadine Volk Tanja Poth Ingrid Hausser Jakob Morgenstern Thomas Fleming Peter Paul Nawroth Jens Kroll

iScience 2020 Dec 3;23(12):101763. Epub 2020 Nov 3.

Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68167, Germany.

Regulation of glucose homeostasis is a fundamental process to maintain blood glucose at a physiological level, and its dysregulation is associated with the development of several metabolic diseases. Here, we report on a zebrafish mutant for Aldo-keto-reductase 1a1b () as a regulator of gluconeogenesis. Adult mutant zebrafish developed fasting hypoglycemia, which was caused by inhibiting phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) expression as rate-limiting enzyme of gluconeogenesis. Subsequently, glucogenic amino acid glutamate as substrate for gluconeogenesis accumulated in the kidneys, but not in livers, and induced structural and functional pronephros alterations in 48-hpf embryos. mutants displayed increased nitrosative stress as indicated by increased nitrotyrosine, and increased protein-S-nitrosylation. Inhibition of nitrosative stress using the NO synthase inhibitor L-NAME prevented kidney damage and normalized PEPCK expression in mutants. Thus, the data have identified Akr1a1b as a regulator of gluconeogenesis in zebrafish and thereby controlling glucose homeostasis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2020.101763DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7683270PMC
December 2020

Association between serum vitamin D levels and venous thromboembolism (VTE): A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Authors:
Jia Wan Jie Yuan Xiaogang Li Yan Bao Yi Hou Zhaoxiang Li Shing Cheng Tan Teck Yew Low Yan Chu

Complement Ther Med 2020 Nov 22;54:102579. Epub 2020 Sep 22.

Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, 650021 China. Electronic address:

Objective: Although many studies have attempted to unravel the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and the incidence of VTE, the results remained inconsistent. To address this discrepancy, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to precisely disentangle the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and VTE risk.

Methods: The Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Google Scholar databases were searched for all available observational studies that reported the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) based on serum vitamin D levels categories. The search was performed up to March 2020.

Results: Seven studies were included. The overall analysis showed a significantly increased risk of VTE in subjects with low levels of serum vitamin D compared with those with normal vitamin D levels (RR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.07-1.69; P = 0.011). In a sensitivity analysis, we did not observe a significant effect of any individual study on the combined effect sizes. Nevertheless, significant heterogeneity was present among the studies (Cochrane Q test, p = 0.018, I = 61%). In the stratified analysis, low vitamin D levels were positively associated with an increased risk of VTE in prospective population-based studies (RR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.06-1.61; P = 0.010) and in subjects below 60 years old (RR = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.07-1.54; P = 0.060).

Conclusion: our systematic review and meta-analysis showed that a low serum vitamin D level was indeed associated with an increased risk of VTE.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102579DOI Listing
November 2020

Measuring effects on intima-media thickness: an evaluation of rosuvastatin in Chinese subjects with subclinical atherosclerosis-design, rationale, and methodology of the METEOR-China study.

Authors:
Yilong Wang Anxin Wang Hongwei Li Zhanquan Li Bo Hu Xiaogang Li Huaguang Zheng Lu Fu Hongtao Hu Zhiyu Nie Yulin Qin Bilian Zhao Di Wei Björn W Karlson Michiel L Bots Yundai Chen Yongjun Wang

Trials 2020 Nov 11;21(1):921. Epub 2020 Nov 11.

Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Background: The beneficial effect of statins on atherosclerosis and cardiovascular outcomes has been well established. The Measuring Effects on intima media Thickness: an Evaluation Of Rosuvastatin (METEOR) global study demonstrated that a 2-year orally administered treatment with rosuvastatin 40 mg daily significantly slowed the progression of carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) compared to placebo. The current METEOR-China study is designed to evaluate the effect of rosuvastatin 20 mg daily versus placebo on the progression of atherosclerosis measured by CIMT in asymptomatic Chinese subjects.

Methods: This is a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre parallel-group study. Asymptomatic Chinese subjects with a 10-year ischaemic cardiovascular disease (ICVD) risk < 10% will be recruited at 25 study sites. They will be treated with rosuvastatin 20 mg or placebo for 104 weeks. The primary endpoint is the annualised rate of change in CIMT measured by B-mode ultrasonography. Secondary endpoints include the annualised rate of change in CIMT at three different sections of the carotid artery and changes in the serum lipid profile. Safety parameters will also be assessed.

Conclusion: The study will evaluate whether rosuvastatin 20 mg slows the progression of CIMT in asymptomatic Chinese subjects at low risk of ICVD.

Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02546323 . Registered on September 10, 2015.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13063-020-04741-0DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7656706PMC
November 2020

Impacts of bamboo biochar on the phytoremediation potential of grown in multi-metals contaminated soil.

Authors:
Xiaogang Li Jiang Xiao Mir Md Abdus Salam Chuanxin Ma Guangcai Chen

Int J Phytoremediation 2021 11;23(4):387-399. Epub 2020 Nov 11.

Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China.

We investigated the effects of bamboo biochar (BBC) as soil amendment on growth and phytoremediation potential of in soil heavily polluted by Cd and Zn. Bamboo biochar was added to soil at ratios ranging from 1 to 7% (w/w), which significantly increased the organic matter, available potassium (K) content, while decreased the hydrolyzable nitrogen (N) content and the levels of total and bioavailable HMs in soil. The BBC amendment at ratios of 1% to 5% showed little effect on growth of plant, whereas at 7% ratio significantly decreased biomass compared to the control. BBC amendment stimulated the accumulation of Cu, Cd and Zn in plant tissues, meanwhile, Cd and Zn accumulation were more evident, especially in the BBC-3% treatment. BBC amendment improved the TF and BCF values of Cd, Zn and Cu compared to control. Higher BCF for Cd (BCF >1) and TF for Zn (TF >1) values indicate have considerable potential for phytoremediation efficiency in BBC amended soil treatment. This study provides practical evidence of the efficient BBC-assisted phytoremediation capability of and highlights its potential as a viable and inexpensive approach for in situ remediation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15226514.2020.1816893DOI Listing
February 2021

SETD8 is a prognostic biomarker that contributes to stem-like cell properties in non-small cell lung cancer.

Authors:
Lihua Piao Ying Feng Nan Che Mengxuan Li Xiaogang Li Yu Jin Yanhua Xuan

Pathol Res Pract 2020 Dec 17;216(12):153258. Epub 2020 Oct 17.

Department of Pathology, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, P.R. China; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, PR China. Electronic address:

SETD8 is a lysine methyltransferase containing an SET domain and has been reported to regulate various biological processes, including carcinogenesis. However, its prognostic value and mechanisms of action in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have not been extensively studied. Here, we assessed SETD8 expression and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters, cancer stemness proteins, and cell cycle-regulating proteins in NSCLC. SETD8 expression in NSCLC tissues was correlated with primary tumor stage, lymph node metastases, and clinical stage. Moreover, SETD8 was an independent predictor of poor overall survival in NSCLC. A Cox regression analysis showed that SETD8 was a potential biomarker of unfavorable clinical outcomes in patients with NSCLC. SETD8 overexpression was associated with cancer stemness-related genes and cell cycle-related genes in NSCLC tissue samples. SETD8 silencing significantly reduced the expression of cancer stemness-associated genes (CD44, LGR5, and SOX2) and inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation, spheroid formation, invasion, and migration. Our findings demonstrate that SETD8 may be a novel cancer stemness-associated protein and a potential prognostic biomarker in NSCLC.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prp.2020.153258DOI Listing
December 2020

Cross-talk between CDK4/6 and SMYD2 regulates gene transcription, tubulin methylation, and ciliogenesis.

Authors:
Linda Xiaoyan Li Julie Xia Zhou Xiaodong Wang Hongbing Zhang Peter C Harris James P Calvet Xiaogang Li

Sci Adv 2020 Oct 30;6(44). Epub 2020 Oct 30.

Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

Dysregulation of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) by unknown mechanisms is highly prevalent in human disease. In this study, we identify direct cross-talk between CDK4/6 and the epigenome via its previously unidentified substrate, SMYD2, a histone/lysine methyltransferase. CDK4/6 positively regulates the phosphorylation and enzymatic activity of SMYD2, while SMYD2 also positively regulates the expression of CDK4/6. We also identify SMYD2 as an α-tubulin methyltransferase, thus connecting CDK4/6-SMYD2 signaling to microtubule dynamics. In addition, depletion or inhibition of CDK4/6 and SMYD2 resulted in increased cilia assembly by affecting (i) microtubule stability and (ii) the expression of IFT20, further connecting CDK4/6-SMYD2 to ciliogenesis. In clinical settings such as breast cancer and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), targeting the up-regulated CDK4/6 and SMYD2 with inhibitors results in restoration of the primary cilium in tumor and cystic cells, which may normalize cilia-mediated extracellular signals that regulate growth, development, and cellular homeostasis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb3154DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7608814PMC
October 2020

Divergent responses of soil fungal communities to soil erosion and deposition as evidenced in topsoil and subsoil.

Authors:
Lanlan Du Shengli Guo Xin Gao Weijia Li Xiaogang Li Fangbin Hou Rui Wang

Sci Total Environ 2021 Feb 30;755(Pt 2):142616. Epub 2020 Sep 30.

Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China. Electronic address:

Despite the pivotal functional roles dominating the pace of nutrient cycles in terrestrial ecosystems, soil fungal communities at erosional and depositional sites have not been comparatively investigated when assessing the ecosystem stability of eroding landscapes. In this study, soil fungal communities in topsoil (0-5 cm) and subsoil (5-10 cm) on simulated eroding slopes of three slope gradients, i.e., 5°, 10°, and 20°, and in the corresponding depositional zones were examined from 2015 to 2017 in the region of the Chinese Loess Plateau. The results showed that, compared with that in the 5° reference slopes, soil fungal richness in the topsoil and subsoil of the 10° and 20° eroding slopes was 11.8-24.9% lower. However, the richness increased by 2.3-22.7% in the subsoil of the depositional zones, yet not in the topsoil. Soil fungal community compositions in both topsoil and subsoil differed between depositional zones and reference slopes but not between eroding slopes and reference slopes. The differentiation of fungal richness and community compositions between eroding slopes and depositional zones increased with slope gradients, regardless of the topsoil and the subsoil. Saprotrophic fungi levels were 22.5-48.0% lower and pathogenic fungi were 45.2-193.3% higher in the subsoil of the depositional zones with 10° and 20° slopes than in the subsoil of the 5° reference slopes. Soil fungal network on the eroding slope was more complex than that in the depositional zone, suggesting more extensive interactions of fungal taxa and higher community stability potential on eroding slopes. The decreasing soil moisture, organic matter, and other properties on the eroding slopes, in contrast with these properties increasing in the depositional zones, were responsible for the variations in fungal richness and community composition. The divergent responses of soil fungal communities to soil erosion and deposition emphasized the complexity and variability of fungal communities during the soil erosion-deposition processes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142616DOI Listing
February 2021

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Update.

Authors:
Pufang Tan Xiaogang Li Jun Shen Qi Feng

Front Pharmacol 2020 18;11:574533. Epub 2020 Sep 18.

Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has successfully been applied for the treatment of recurrent infection (CDI), which has led to studies on its application to other gastrointestinal diseases and extraintestinal diseases associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis. Recently, the results of FMT for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have been encouraging. However, studies have not fully clarified the clinical application of this emerging therapy. Here, we aimed to review the current knowledge in this fast-growing field and characterize the effectiveness, safety and mechanisms of FMT for the treatment of IBD patients.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.574533DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7530266PMC
September 2020

Study of biofilm-influenced corrosion on X80 pipeline steel by a nitrate-reducing bacterium, Bacillus cereus, in artificial Beijing soil.

Authors:
Bo Liu Meihui Sun Fangyuan Lu Cuiwei Du Xiaogang Li

Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021 Jan 19;197:111356. Epub 2020 Sep 19.

Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Key Laboratory for Corrosion and Protection of Ministry of Education (MOE), Beijing, 100083, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; National Materials Corrosion and Protection Scientific Data Center, Institute of Advanced Materials and Technology, Beijing, 100083, China.

The biofilm of Bacillus cereus on the surface of X80 pipeline steel was investigated from forming to shedding. Based on the observed biofilm morphology and pit analysis, it was found that B. cereus biofilm could stimulate X80 pipeline steel pitting corrosion, which was attributed to the nitrate reduction of bacteria beneath the biofilm. Electrochemical measurements and general corrosion rate results showed that B. cereus biofilm can better accelerate X80 pipeline steel corrosion compared to sterile solutions. Interestingly, the results also showed that thick biofilms had a slight tendency to inhibit the general corrosion process compared with its formation and exfoliation, which was confirmed by scanning Kelvin probe. The corrosion rate of X80 pipeline steel in artificial Beijing soil is closely related to the state of the biofilm, and nitrate reducing bacteria accelerates the occurrence of pits. The corresponding corrosion mechanisms are proposed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111356DOI Listing
January 2021

Isolated FeN Sites for Efficient Electrocatalytic CO Reduction.

Authors:
Xiaogang Li Shibo Xi Libo Sun Shuo Dou Zhenfeng Huang Tan Su Xin Wang

Adv Sci (Weinh) 2020 Sep 12;7(17):2001545. Epub 2020 Jul 12.

School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological University 62 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637459 Singapore.

The construction of isolated metal sites represents a promising approach for electrocatalyst design toward the efficient electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide (CO). Herein, Fe-doped graphitic carbon nitride is rationally prepared by a simple adsorption method and is used as template to construct isolated FeN sites through a confined pyrolysis strategy, which avoids the agglomeration of metal atoms to particles during the synthesis process and thus provides abundant active sites for the CO reduction reaction. The isolated FeN sites lower the energy barrier for the key intermediate in the CO reduction process, leading to the enhanced selectivity for CO production with a faradaic efficiency of up to 93%.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.202001545DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7507046PMC
September 2020

Polylactic Acid-Graphene Oxide-based Materials for Loading and Sustained Release of Poorly Soluble Pesticides.

Authors:
Ya Wang Chaonan Li Ting Wang Xinwen Li Xiaogang Li

Langmuir 2020 10 9;36(41):12336-12345. Epub 2020 Oct 9.

College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.

A pesticide carrier system can offer advantages to active components, such as improving shelf life, extending the lasting period, and reducing toxicity, all of which could reduce the adverse effects of pesticides on the environment. Graphene oxide (GO) is a promising medical drug carrier material, and its research in the field of pesticides is still in the exploration stage. Herein, in order to load water-insoluble pesticides, a series of polylactic acid-graphene oxides (PLA-GOs) were produced incorporating small amounts (0.1-1 wt %) of GO using acetone-chloroform and ,-dimethylformamide-dichloromethane, two dual-solvent systems. The prepared PLA-GO carrier materials were characterized by FT-IR, Raman spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry analysis, and their effects on rice growth within 20 days were also evaluated. When the amount of GO added was 0.5% and the solvent system was acetone-chloroform, the amount of pyraclostrobin (Pyr) loaded on PLA-GO (A-0.5%) was very high (39.89%). The PLA-GO pesticide microsphere showed a significantly sustained release of Pyr (up to 30 d). Furthermore, the indoor bioassay results showed that the PLA-GO pesticide microsphere (EC = 1.2682) had the best fungicidal activity against , followed by Pyr technical (EC = 2.3137) and commercial Pyr microcapsule suspension (EC = 3.4570). In conclusion, it was found that PLA-GOs prepared using the acetone-chloroform system were more suitable as a pesticide carrier, which provided a preliminary basis for GO to realize the coating of water-insoluble pesticides.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02320DOI Listing
October 2020

Long-term active restoration of extremely degraded alpine grassland accelerated turnover and increased stability of soil carbon.

Authors:
Yanfu Bai Lina Ma Abraham A Degen Muhammad K Rafiq Yakov Kuzyakov Jingxue Zhao Rui Zhang Tao Zhang Wenyin Wang Xiaogang Li Ruijun Long Zhanhuan Shang

Glob Chang Biol 2020 Dec 13;26(12):7217-7228. Epub 2020 Oct 13.

State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.

Soil nutrient contents and organic carbon (C) stability are key indicators for restoration of degraded grassland. However, the effects of long-term active restoration of extremely degraded grassland on soil parameters have been equivocal. The aims of this study were to evaluate the impact of active restoration of degraded alpine grassland on: (a) soil organic matter (SOM) mineralization; and (b) the importance of biotic factors for temperature sensitivity (Q ) of SOM mineralization. Soils were sampled from intact, degraded and restored alpine grasslands at altitudes ranging between 3,900 and 4,200 m on the Tibetan Plateau. The samples were incubated at 5, 15 and 25°C, and Q values of SOM mineralization were determined. Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate the importance of vegetation, soil physico-chemical properties and microbial parameters for Q regulation. The Q of N mineralization was similar among intact, degraded and restored soils (0.84-1.24) and was higher in topsoil (1.09) than in subsoil (0.92). The best predictive factor of CO -Q for intact grassland was microbial biomass, for degraded grassland was basal microbial respiration, and for restored grassland was soil bulk density. Restoration by planting vegetation decreased the Q of SOM mineralization as soil bulk density, the most important negative predictor, increased in restored grassland. The Q of SOM mineralization in topsoil was 14% higher than in subsoil because of higher microbial abundance and exo-enzyme activities. The NH content was greatest in intact soil, while NO content was greatest in degraded soil. The SOM mineralization rate decreased with grassland degradation and increased after long-term (>10 years) restoration. In conclusion, extremely degraded grassland needs proper long-term management in active restoration projects, especially for improvement of soil nutrients in a harsh environment.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15361DOI Listing
December 2020

Jasmonic Acid- and Ethylene-Induced Mitochondrial Alternative Oxidase Stimulates Marssonina brunnea Defense in Poplar.

Authors:
Yangwenke Liao Rongrong Cui Xin Xu Qiang Cheng Xiaogang Li

Plant Cell Physiol 2021 Feb;61(12):2031-2042

Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China.

Mitochondrial processes are implicated in plant response to biotic stress caused by viruses, actinomyces, bacteria and pests, but their function in defense against fungal invasion remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role and regulation of mitochondrial alternative oxidase (AOX) in response to black spot disease caused by the hemibiotrophic fungus Marssonina brunnea in poplar. M. brunnea inoculation induced the transcription of the AOX1a gene in the mitochondrial electron transport chain and of jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET) biosynthetic genes, with the accumulation of these phytohormones in poplar leaf, while inhibiting the transcript amount of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase gene (COX6b) and genes related to salicylic acid (SA). Enhanced AOX reduced poplar susceptibility to M. brunnea with a higher ATP/ADP ratio while the repressed AOX caused the reverse effect. Exogenous JA and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC, a biosynthetic precursor of ET) inhibited the transcript amount of COX6b and consequently increased the ratio of AOX pathway to total respiration. Furthermore, the transcription of CYS C1 and CYS D1 genes catalyzing cyanide metabolism was induced, while the cysteine (CYS) substrate levels reduced upon M. brunnea inoculation; exogenous JA and ACC mimicked the effect of M. brunnea infection on cysteine. Exogenous SA enhanced, while JA and ACC reduced, poplar susceptibility to M. brunnea. Moreover, inhibiting AOX completely prohibited JA- and ET-increased tolerance to M. brunnea in poplar. These observations indicate that the JA- and ET-induced mitochondrial AOX pathway triggers defense against M. brunnea in poplar. This effect probably involves cyanide. These findings deepen our understanding of plant-pathogenic fungi interactions.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcaa117DOI Listing
February 2021

Biological Efficacy and Safety of Niacinamide in Patients With ADPKD.

Authors:
Mireille El Ters Xia Zhou Rebecca J Lepping Pengcheng Lu Rainer T Karcher Jonathan D Mahnken William M Brooks Franz T Winklhofer Xiaogang Li Alan S L Yu

Kidney Int Rep 2020 Aug 10;5(8):1271-1279. Epub 2020 Jun 10.

Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA.

Introduction: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterized by progressive cyst enlargement, leading to kidney failure. Sirtuin-1 is upregulated in ADPKD and accelerates disease progression by deacetylating p53. Niacinamide is a dietary supplement that inhibits sirtuins at high doses.

Methods: We conducted an open-label, single-arm intervention trial (study 1,  = 10), and a randomized, double blinded, placebo-controlled trial (study 2,  = 36) to assess the biological activity and safety of niacinamide. Patients with ADPKD were given 30 mg/kg oral niacinamide or placebo, for 12 months. The primary endpoint was the ratio of acetylated p53 to total p53 protein in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).

Results: There was no sustained effect of niacinamide on acetylated/total p53 in either study and no difference between placebo and niacinamide arms. There was no difference in the change in height-adjusted total kidney volume over 12 months between niacinamide and placebo. Niacinamide was generally well tolerated. The most common adverse effects were nausea, diarrhea, gastroesophageal reflux, headache, and acneiform rash but there was no difference in their incidence between niacinamide and placebo.

Conclusions: In conclusion, niacinamide is safe and well-tolerated in patients with ADPKD. However, we were unable to detect a sustained inhibition of sirtuin activity over 12 months of treatment, and there was no signal to suggest a beneficial effect on any efficacy measure.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ekir.2020.06.002DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7403550PMC
August 2020

Efficacy of tolvaptan for fluid management after cardiovascular surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials.

Authors:
Huiling Chen Weihong Jiang Xiaogang Li Zhaohui Meng Huamei Chen Jiaying Li Junwen Wang Xiexiong Zhao

Exp Ther Med 2020 Sep 13;20(3):2585-2592. Epub 2020 Jul 13.

Department of Cardiology, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China.

The purpose of this study was to systematically search the literature and analyze evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing tolvaptan with conventional diuretics for postoperative fluid management in cardiac surgery patients. An electronic search of PubMed, Scopus, BioMed Central, CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) and Google scholar databases was carried out up to 1st December 2019. Four RCTs were included. Tolvaptan was co-administered with conventional diuretics in all the studies. The mean postoperative urine output was significantly greater in patients receiving tolvaptan as compared to controls (MD=0.39; 95% CI: 0.17 to 0.61; P=0.006, I=48%). Body weight of patients on tolvaptan returned to pre-operative levels significantly earlier (MD=-1.57; 95% CI: -2.48 to -0.66; P=0.007, I=50%). There was statistical significant difference in the highest postoperative serum sodium levels (MD=2.34; 95% CI: -1.65 to 3.03; p<0.00001, I=0%), lowest serum sodium levels (MD=2.05; 95% CI: 1.41 to 2.68; p<0.00001, I=0%) and mean serum sodium levels (MD=1.69; 95% CI: 0.98 to 2.40; p<0.00001, I=0%) between the tolvaptan and control groups. Lowest serum potassium was significantly higher with tolvaptan as compared to the control group (MD=0.10; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.18; P=0.03, I=19%). There was no significant difference in the length of ICU stay or incidence of arrhythmias between the two groups. The quality of the included studies was not high. Within the limitations of our study, our results indicate that co-administration of tolvaptan with low dose of conventional diuretics significantly increases urine output while maintaining electrolyte balance in postoperative cardiac surgery patients. Faster return of body weight to pre-operative levels is evident with tolvaptan. Further high-quality RCTs are required to confirm this evidence.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/etm.2020.9007DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7401488PMC
September 2020

RNA helicase p68 inhibits the transcription and post-transcription of in ADPKD.

Authors:
Lu Zhang Linda Xiaoyan Li Julie Xia Zhou Peter C Harris James P Calvet Xiaogang Li

Theranostics 2020 9;10(18):8281-8297. Epub 2020 Jul 9.

Department of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is caused by mutations of the and genes. Dysregulation of the expression of PKD genes, the abnormal activation of PKD associated signaling pathways, and the expression and maturation of miRNAs regulates cyst progression. However, the upstream factors regulating these abnormal processes in ADPKD remain elusive. To investigate the roles of an RNA helicase, p68, in ADPKD, we performed Western blot and qRT-PCR analysis, immunostaining and ChIP assay in cystic renal epithelium cells and tissues. We found that p68 was upregulated in cystic renal epithelial cells and tissues. p68 represses gene expression via transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms in renal epithelial cells, in that 1) p68 binds to the promoter of the gene together with p53 to repress transcription; and 2) p68 promotes the expression and maturation of miR-17, miR-200c and miR-182 and via these miRNAs, post-transcriptionally regulates the expression of mRNA. Drosha is involved in this process by forming a complex with p68. p68 also regulates the phosphorylation and activation of PKD proliferation associated signaling and the expression of fibrotic markers in mutant renal epithelial cells. Silence of p68 delays cyst formation in collecting duct cell mediated 3D cultures. In addition, the expression of p68 is induced by HO-dependent oxidative stress and DNA damage which causes downregulation of transcription in cystic renal epithelial cells and tissues. p68 plays a critical role in negatively regulating the expression of the gene along with positively regulating the expression and maturation of miRNAs and activation of PKD associated signaling pathways to cause renal cyst progression and fibrosis in ADPKD.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/thno.47315DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7381742PMC
July 2020

Europium chelate-labeled lateral flow assay for rapid and multiple detection of β-lactam antibiotics by the penicillin-binding protein.

Authors:
Xiaogang Li Zhifeng Pan Manyu Li Xinmiao Jia Suhan Zhang Hang Lin Juntao Liu Liangkun Ma

Anal Methods 2020 07 6;12(28):3645-3653. Epub 2020 Jul 6.

Medical Science Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.

For the multiple and rapid detection of β-lactams, the broadly specific penicillin-binding protein (PBP) that recognizes the β-lactam structure was prepared. A chromatographic strip based on europium chelate-loaded fluorescent microspheres was assembled with a goat anti-mouse antibody (C line) and penicillin coating (T line). The penicillin coating competes with free β-lactam antibiotics to bind PBP-labeled fluorescent microspheres. The strip can theoretically detect all kinds of β-lactams, including amoxicillin, ampicillin, oxacillin, ceftazidime, lenampicillin, cefoperazone, sultamicillin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, sulbenicillin, piperacillin, cephalothin, flucloxacillin, and mezlocillin, in samples within 10 min. The europium chelate-labeled lateral flow assay does not cross-react with other antibiotics, including chloramphenicol, tetracycline, sulfamethazine, enrofloxacin, gentamicin or lincomycin. In short, we developed a very useful method for preliminary screening of β-lactams.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ay01140aDOI Listing
July 2020