Neurology 2021 01 3;96(3):e343-e351. Epub 2020 Nov 3.
From the Department of Neuroradiology (P.B.S., M.-N.P., A.B.), Clinic for Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (P.B.S., U.H., G.B., J.F.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg; Departments of Pediatrics (R.S.), and Neurology (J.M.), University Hospital of Muenster; Department of Neuroradiology (R.C.), Alfried-Krupp Hospital, Essen; Department of Neuroradiology (H.H., E.H.), Klinikum Stuttgart, Germany; Department of Neuroradiology (A.G.), Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria; Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (F.D.), University of Munich (LMU), Campus Grosshadern; Department of Neuroradiology (O.N., M.W.), RWTH Aachen University; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (G.B.), Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen; Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology (A.W.), University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum Langendreer; Department of Neuroradiology (D.K.), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden7; Department of Neuroradiology (U.Y.), Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany; ASST Valcamonica (A.M.), Ospedale di Esine, UOSD Neurologia, Esine, Italy; Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology (W.M.), Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, and Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy (R.N.), Division of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology (U.J.-K.), University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel; Section of Neuroradiology (M.B.), University of Ulm, Guenzburg; Department for Neuroradiology (S.S.), University Hospital Leipzig; Department of Neuroradiology (O.B.), University Hospital of Magdeburg; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (F.G.), Hannover Medical School, Germany; Institute of Neuroradiology (J.T.), Kepler University Hospital, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria; Institute of Neuroradiology (B.T.), University Hospital Duesseldorf; Department of Neuroradiology at Heidelberg University Hospital (M.M.); Department of Radiology (C.W.), University Hospital Regensburg; Department of Neuroradiology (P.S., A. Kemmling), University Hospital of Luebeck, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.L.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Division of Child Neurology (S.L.), Department of Neurology, Stanford University, CA; Department of Neuroradiology (M.S.), University Hospital of Cologne; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology (A.R.), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen; Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine (A. Karch, N.R.), University of Muenster; and Department of Radiology, University of Munich (LMU) (M.W.), Campus Grosshadern, Germany.
Objective: To determine whether thrombectomy is safe in children up to 24 hours after onset of symptoms when selected by mismatch between clinical deficit and infarct.
Methods: A secondary analysis of the Save ChildS Study (January 2000-December 2018) was performed, including all pediatric patients (<18 years) diagnosed with arterial ischemic stroke who underwent endovascular recanalization at 27 European and United States stroke centers. Patients were included if they had a relevant mismatch between clinical deficit and infarct.
Results: Twenty children with a median age of 10.5 (interquartile range [IQR] 7-14.6) years were included. Of those, 7 were male (35%), and median time from onset to thrombectomy was 9.8 (IQR 7.8-16.2) hours. Neurologic outcome improved from a median Pediatric NIH Stroke Scale score of 12.0 (IQR 8.8-20.3) at admission to 2.0 (IQR 1.2-6.8) at day 7. Median modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score was 1.0 (IQR 0-1.6) at 3 months and 0.0 (IQR 0-1.0) at 24 months. One patient developed transient peri-interventional vasospasm; no other complications were observed. A comparison of the mRS score to the mRS score in the DAWN and DEFUSE 3 trials revealed a higher proportion of good outcomes in the pediatric compared to the adult study population.
Conclusions: Thrombectomy in pediatric ischemic stroke in an extended time window of up to 24 hours after onset of symptoms seems safe and neurologic outcomes are generally good if patients are selected by a mismatch between clinical deficit and infarct.
Classification Of Evidence: This study provides Class IV evidence that for children with acute ischemic stroke with a mismatch between clinical deficit and infarct size, thrombectomy is safe.