Publications by authors named "Lei Ye"

730 Publications

Giant in-plane optical and electronic anisotropy of tellurene: a quantitative exploration.

Authors:
Zhengfeng Guo Honggang Gu Mingsheng Fang Lei Ye Shiyuan Liu

Nanoscale 2022 Aug 5. Epub 2022 Aug 5.

State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.

Tellurene's giant in-plane optical anisotropy brings richer physics and an extra degree of freedom to regulate its optical properties for designing novel and unique polarization-sensitive devices. Here, we quantitatively evaluate the in-plane optical anisotropy of tellurene and further reveal its physical origins by combining imaging Mueller matrix spectroscopic ellipsometry (MMSE) and first-principles calculations. The anisotropic complex refractive indices and dielectric functions, as well as the derived giant birefringence (|Δ| = 0.48) and dichroism (Δ > 0.4), are accurately determined by imaging MMSE to quantitatively evaluate the in-plane optical anisotropy of tellurene. With density functional theory (DFT), tellurene's optical anisotropy is connected to its low-symmetry lattice structure with electrical anisotropy (including the anisotropic effective mass, partial charge density, and carrier mobility), leading to anisotropic electric polarization and ultimately optical anisotropy. This work provides a general and quantitative way to explore the optical anisotropy and also helps to comprehend the connection between the lattice structure and the optical anisotropy of tellurene and even other emerging low-symmetry materials, which will further promote their polarization-sensitive optical applications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2nr03226kDOI Listing
August 2022

Interleukin-18 Inhibition Protects Against Intervertebral Disc Degeneration via the Inactivation of Caspase-3/9 Dependent Apoptotic Pathways.

Authors:
Kai Zhang Lei Gao Hai-Xu Wang Lei Ye Yan-Yan Shi Wu-Yan Yang Ya-Nan Li Yan Li

Immunol Invest 2022 Aug 3:1-13. Epub 2022 Aug 3.

Department of Spine Surgery, HanDan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei, China.

Background: The present study was designed to identify and understand the potential effectiveness of therapeutic target in intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) and its regulation mechanism.

Methods: The role and mechanism of interleukin-18 (IL-18) in the disease were investigated. The IVDD degenerative nucleus pulposus (NP) tissues from the human and mouse models were used.A total of three groups of Male BALB/c mice were randomly made i.e control, IVDD, and IVDD+Ad-shIL-18 groups. After Ad-shIL-18 transfection, the expression of ECM synthesis related protein Aggrecan (ACAN) and Collagen II, apoptotic effector Caspases (Caspase-3, 8, 9, 12 and Cleaved-Caspase 3, 8, 9, 12), pro-apoptotic gene Bax and anti-apoptotic factors Bcl-2 in NP cells of the human were evaluated.

Results: The results of our study revealed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of IL-18 were notably increased in the NP tissues of IVDD patients and mice models. In the IVDD mice model, Ad-sh-IL-18 treatment reversed the IVDD progression. The levels of Aggrecan and Collagen II, contributing to ECM degradation in NP cells, were also significantly increased. Additionally, Ad-sh-IL-18 could inhibit the NP cell's apoptosis via regulating the caspase-3/9 pathway.

Conclusion: The IL-18 knockdown via the caspase-3/9 pathway, might reduce the NP cell's death as well as the imbalance between catabolism and anabolism of ECM in IVDD.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08820139.2022.2077113DOI Listing
August 2022

Safety and Efficacy of Filgotinib for Japanese Patients with RA and Inadequate Response to MTX: FINCH 1 52-Week Results and FINCH 4 48-Week Results.

Authors:
Yoshiya Tanaka Tsukasa Matsubara Tatsuya Atsumi Koichi Amano Naoki Ishiguro Eiji Sugiyama Kunihiro Yamaoka Bernard G Combe Alan J Kivitz Sang-Cheol Bae Edward C Keystone Peter Nash Mark Genovese Franziska Matzkies Beatrix Bartok Alena Pechonkina Akira Kondo Lei Ye Qi Gong Chantal Tasset Tsutomu Takeuchi

Mod Rheumatol 2022 Aug 3. Epub 2022 Aug 3.

Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, and Saitama Medical University, Iruma, Saitama, Japan.

Objective: To present safety and efficacy of the JAK1 preferential inhibitor filgotinib in Japanese patients with prior inadequate response (IR) to methotrexate (MTX) from a 52-week randomised controlled parent study (PS) and long-term extension (LTE) through June 2020.

Methods: The PS (NCT02889796) randomised MTX-IR patients to filgotinib 200 (FIL200) or 100 mg (FIL100), adalimumab (ADA) 40 mg, or placebo; all took stable background MTX. At week (W) 24, placebo patients were rerandomised to FIL200 or FIL100. The primary endpoint was W12 American College of Rheumatology 20% improvement (ACR20); safety was assessed by adverse event (AE) reporting. For the LTE (NCT03025308), eligible filgotinib patients continued FIL200/FIL100; ADA patients were rerandomised (blinded) to FIL200 or FIL100; all continued MTX.

Results: 114/147 Japanese patients completed the PS; 115 enrolled in LTE; 103 remained on study in June 2020. In the PS, AEs were consistent with the overall population, and W24 efficacy was maintained or improved through W52, comparable with the overall population. LTE AE incidences were similar between doses; filgotinib efficacy was consistent from baseline to W48 and similar between PS ADA and filgotinib patients.

Conclusion: Among MTX-IR Japanese patients, filgotinib maintained efficacy over 1 year; LTE safety was consistent with the PS.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mr/roac084DOI Listing
August 2022

Methotrexate plus reduced or full-dose glucocorticoids for the treatment of active, moderate-to-severe Graves' orbitopathy.

Authors:
Liyun Shen Lei Ye Wei Zhu Qin Jiao Yulin Zhou Shu Wang Weiqing Wang Guang Ning

Eur Thyroid J 2022 Jul 1. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

G Ning, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Objective: A combination of glucocorticoids with mycophenolate is recommended by current guidelines to boost response to Graves' orbitopathy (GO) therapy. This study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic effects and safety of methotrexate (MTX) plus reduced (3.0g) or full-dose (4.5g) intravenous methylprednisolone (MP) versus full-dose intravenous MP alone.

Design And Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, observer-masked, single-center clinical trial conducted in a tertiary clinical center. Ninety-seven patients with active moderate-to-severe GO were screened and 90 patients underwent randomization between April 2018 and Oct 2019. All patients completed 12 weeks of treatment and received clinical assessment. The patients received either MP 4.5g only, MP 4.5g plus oral MTX, or MP 3.0g plus oral MTX. The primary outcome was the CAS response at week 12. Secondary outcomes were adverse events and other individual ophthalmic parameters.

Results: At week 12, 53.3% of MP, 76.7% of reduced MP plus MTX, and 76.7% of MP plus MTX achieved a CAS response, although the difference was not significant (p=0.1). The overall response rates of the MP group, the reduced MP plus MTX group, and the MP plus MTX group were 43.3%, 53.3%, and 60%, respectively (p=0.5). Subgroup analysis found that smoking status interacted with marginal significance with treatment effect (p=0.048). Importantly, adverse event incidence was significantly lower in the reduced MP+MTX group (p=0.017).

Conclusions: Our study shows that reduced MP plus MTX therapy is effective and safer in treating active and moderate to severe GO patients than 4.5g MP monotherapy.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-22-0017DOI Listing
July 2022

Molecular Triplet Sensitization of Monolayer Semiconductors in 2D Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Heterostructures.

Authors:
Lei Ye Xuehui Xu Siyu He Yanping Liu Yizheng Jin Yang Michael Yang Haiming Zhu

ACS Nano 2022 Jul 28. Epub 2022 Jul 28.

Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.

Hybrid heterostructures (HSs) comprising organic and two-dimensional (2D) monolayer semiconductors hold great promise for optoelectronic applications. So far, research efforts on organic/2D HSs have exclusively focused on coupling directly photoexcited singlets to monolayer semiconductors. It remains unexplored whether and how the optically dark triplets in organic semiconductors with intriguing properties (e.g., long lifetime) can be implemented for modulating light-matter interactions of hybrid HSs. Herein, we investigate the triplet sensitization of monolayer semiconductors by time-resolved spectroscopic studies on Pd-octaethylporphyrin (PdOEP)/WSe and PdOEP/WS HSs with type I and type II band alignment, respectively. We show that PdOEP triplets formed in ∼5 ps from intersystem crossing can transfer energy or charge to WSe or WS monolayers, respectively, leading to a significant photoluminescence enhancement (180%) in WSe or long-lived charge separation (>2 ns) in WS. The triplet transfer occurs in ∼100 ns, which is more than 3 orders of magnitude slower than singlet and can be attributed to its tightly localized nature. Further study of thickness dependence reveals the dictating role of triplet diffusion for triplet sensitization in organic/2D HSs. This study shows the great promise of much less explored molecular triplets on sensitizing 2D monolayer semiconductors and provides the guidance to achieve long-range light harvesting and energy migration in organic/2D HSs for enhanced optoelectronic applications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.2c03995DOI Listing
July 2022

Fusion between Glioma Stem Cells and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promotes Malignant Progression in 3D-Bioprinted Models.

Authors:
Xingliang Dai Yuxuan Shao Xuefeng Tian Xiaoyan Cao Lei Ye Peng Gao Hongwei Cheng Xianwen Wang

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022 Jul 26. Epub 2022 Jul 26.

School of Biomedical Engineering, Research and Engineering Center of Biomedical Materials, Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China.

The interaction between glioma stem cells (GSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the glioma microenvironment is considered to be an important factor in promoting tumor progression, but the mechanism is still not fully elucidated. To further elucidate the interaction between GSCs and MSCs, two 3D-bioprinted tumor models (low-temperature molding and coaxial bioprinting) were used to simulate the tumor growth microenvironment. Cell fusion between GSCs and MSCs was found by the method of Cre-LoxP switch gene and RFP/GFP dual-color fluorescence tracing. The fused cells coexpressed biomarkers of GSCs and MSCs, showing stronger proliferation, cloning, and invasion abilities than GSCs and MSCs. In addition, the fused cells have stronger tumorigenic properties in nude mice, showing the pathological features of malignant tumors. In conclusion, GSCs and MSCs undergo cell fusion in 3D-bioprinted models, and the fused cells have a higher degree of malignancy than parental cells, which promotes the progression of glioma.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.2c06658DOI Listing
July 2022

Dynamic molecular choreography of circadian rhythm disorders (DMCRD): a prospective cohort study protocol.

Authors:
Xiaoli Chen Dongze Li Yu Jia Yanmei Liu Yan Ma Rui Zeng Zhi Wan Lei Ye

BMC Neurol 2022 Jul 21;22(1):272. Epub 2022 Jul 21.

Emergency Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.

Background: Circadian rhythm disorders (CRDs) are closely associated with the occurrence and development of various diseases, such as inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases, as well as tumors. The impact of a CRD on bodily health is a complex and comprehensive process, and its molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways are still unclear. We therefore aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism variation and adverse outcomes associated with CRDs in a prospective cohort of CRD cases and controls at term using multiomics data. The study has been tasked with developing a precise health promotion model for the prevention and management of CRDs.

Methods: This will be a 5-year prospective cohort study centered on the health management of individuals with CRDs. One hundred volunteers were recruited and had undergone baseline specimen collection, health examination, and health assessment. All of them will be followed up every year using the same protocol, and their biological specimens will be subjected to multiomics analysis after standardized processing.

Discussion: Longitudinal health examination, health assessment, and multiomics data will be analyzed to study the impact of CRDs on the volunteers' health status. The results of this study will promote the development of targeted health management programs based on precision medicine.

Trial Registration: The clinical study registration has been completed (Trial Registration No. ChiCTR2100047242 ).
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12883-022-02799-8DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9306065PMC
July 2022

Avoiding Unnecessary Systematic Biopsy in Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer: Comparison Between MRI-Based Radiomics Model and PI-RADS Category.

Authors:
Xueqing Cheng Yuntian Chen Hui Xu Lei Ye Shun Tong Haixia Li Tianjing Zhang Song Tian Jin Qi Hao Zeng Jin Yao Bin Song

J Magn Reson Imaging 2022 Jul 19. Epub 2022 Jul 19.

Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Background: MRI-targeted biopsy (MRTB) improves the clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) detection rate with fewer biopsy cores in men with suspected PCa. However, whether concurrent systematic biopsy (SB) can be avoided in patients undergoing MRTB remains unclear.

Purpose: To evaluate the potential value of MRI-based radiomics models in avoiding unnecessary SB in biopsy-naïve patients.

Study Type: Retrospective.

Population: A total of 226 patients (mean age 66.6 ± 9.02 years) with suspicion of PCa (PI-RADS score ≥ 3) and received combined cognitive MRTB with SB were retrospectively recruited and randomly divided into training (N = 180) and test (N = 46) cohorts at an 8:2 ratio.

Field Strength/sequence: A 3.0 T, biparametric MRI (bpMRI) including T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map.

Assessment: The whole prostate gland (PG) and the index lesion (IL) were delineated. Three radiomics models of bpMRI , bpMRI , and bpMRI were constructed, respectively, and the performance of each radiomics model was compared with that of PI-RADS assessment.

Statistical Tests: The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression method was used to select texture features. The area under the curve (AUC) and decision curve analysis were used to estimate the models.

Results: The bpMRI radiomics model exhibited good discrimination, calibration, and net benefits, which would reduce the SB biopsy in 71.2% and 71.4% of men with PI-RADS ≥ 5 lesions in the training and test cohorts, respectively.

Data Conclusion: A bpMRI radiomics model may outperform PI-RADS category in help reducing unnecessary SB in biopsy-naïve patients.

Evidence Level: 3 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 6.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmri.28333DOI Listing
July 2022

The prevalence, antibiotic resistance and multilocus sequence typing of colistin-resistant bacteria isolated from Penaeus vannamei farms in earthen ponds and HDPE film-lined ponds in China.

Authors:
Muyi Que Weiwei Cao Huang Zhang Lei Shi Lei Ye

J Fish Dis 2022 Jul 16. Epub 2022 Jul 16.

Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.

The aquaculture environment, especially the culture ponds and aquaculture products, is considered to be an important reservoir of colistin resistance genes. However, systematic investigations of colistin resistance in Penaeus vannamei farming in different culture modes are scarce. In this study, a total of 93 non-duplicated samples were collected from P. vannamei farms in five cities in China from 2019 to 2021. The prevalence, antibiotic resistance and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) of colistin-resistant bacteria were measured and analysed. The results showed that among the 1601 isolates in P. vannamei and its environmental samples, the pollution of colistin-resistant bacteria was serious (the overall prevalence was 37.3% and 28.8%, respectively), regardless of the earthen pond or high-density polyethylene (HDPE) film-lined pond. Among 533 isolates, the prevalence of mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes, mcr-1, was the highest (60%, 320/533), followed by mcr-4 (1.5%, 8/533), mcr-8 (0.9%, 5/533), mcr-10 (0.6%, 3/533) and mcr-7 (0.4%, 2/533). The prevalence of mcr-1 in earthen ponds was significantly higher than that in HDPE film-lined ponds (67.5% vs. 49.1%, p < .001). The dominant strain carrying mcr-1 was Bacillus spp. (54.1%, 173/320), followed by Enterobacter spp. (8.1%, 26/320), Staphylococcus spp. (6.3%, 20/320) and Aeromonas spp. (5.3%, 17/320). The antibiotic resistance profiles of 173 Bacillus spp. varied among different sampling locations and culture types. These isolates were highly resistant to cefepime, ceftriaxone, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ceftiofur (>45%), and multidrug-resistant isolates were common (62.4%, 108/173). Sequence type (ST) 26 (37/66, 56%) was found to be the most prevalent ST in mcr-1-positive Bacillus cereus isolated from the aquaculture environment. In summary, our study pointed out that it is necessary to continuously monitor antibiotic usage and its residues regardless of the pond types, especially with regard to critical drugs such as colistin.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jfd.13661DOI Listing
July 2022

Expression of serum miR-126 in patients with intracranial aneurysm and its relationship with postoperative cerebral vasospasm.

Authors:
Jing Luo Xiaoqun Zhu Fei Liu Liang Zhao Zhenghao Sun Yan Li Lei Ye Weizu Li

Am J Transl Res 2022 15;14(6):4372-4379. Epub 2022 Jun 15.

Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medicine College, Anhui Medical University Hefei 230032, Anhui, PR China.

Objective: To examine the expression of serum miR-126 in patients with intracranial aneurysm and to explore its relationship with postoperative cerebral vasospasm.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 85 patients with intracranial aneurysms diagnosed and treated in our hospital were enrolled into the research group (RG), and 83 healthy volunteers who came to our hospital for physical examination were selected as the control group (CG). The serum miR-126 expression in both groups was examined by RT-PCR, and the relationship between the diagnostic value of miR-126 for intracranial aneurysm and postoperative cerebral vasospasm was analyzed. The serum inflammatory related factors in the patients were tested, and their correlation with miR-126 was assessed. The risk factors of postoperative cerebral vasospasm were evaluated by multiple factors.

Results: The serum miR-126 expression in patients with intracranial aneurysm was obviously lower than that of participants in CG (P<0.05), and the AUC of miR-126 in diagnosing intracranial aneurysm was 0.945, which was of high diagnostic value. Serum inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6 were highly expressed in the serum of patients with intracranial aneurysm, which were positively correlated with the miR-126 level (P<0.05). After operation, the serum miR-126 level in patients with cerebral vasospasm was obviously higher than that of those without cerebral vasospasm, and the AUC of miR-126 for predicting cerebral vasospasm after operation was 0.859. Logistic regression analysis revealed that preoperative bleeding frequency, history of hypertension, Hunt-Hess grade and high expression of miR-126 were independent risk factors for cerebral vasospasm after operation in patients with intracranial aneurysm.

Conclusion: miR-126 is highly expressed in the serum of patients with intracranial aneurysm, so it may be used as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of patients with intracranial aneurysm and the prediction of cerebral vasospasm after operation.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9274600PMC
June 2022

The mechanistic pathways of oxidative stress in aortic stenosis and clinical implications.

Authors:
Kailun Phua Nicholas Ws Chew William Kf Kong Ru-San Tan Lei Ye Kian-Keong Poh

Theranostics 2022 4;12(11):5189-5203. Epub 2022 Jul 4.

Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.

Despite the elucidation of the pathways behind the development of aortic stenosis (AS), there remains no effective medical treatment to slow or reverse its progress. Instead, the gold standard of care in severe or symptomatic AS is replacement of the aortic valve. Oxidative stress is implicated, both directly as well as indirectly, in lipid infiltration, inflammation and fibro-calcification, all of which are key processes underlying the pathophysiology of degenerative AS. This culminates in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix, differentiation of the valvular interstitial cells into an osteogenic phenotype, and finally, calcium deposition as well as thickening of the aortic valve. Oxidative stress is thus a promising and potential therapeutic target for the treatment of AS. Several studies focusing on the mitigation of oxidative stress in the context of AS have shown some success in animal and models, however similar benefits have yet to be seen in clinical trials. Statin therapy, once thought to be the key to the treatment of AS, has yielded disappointing results, however newer lipid lowering therapies may hold some promise. Other potential therapies, such as manipulation of microRNAs, blockade of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and the use of dipeptidylpeptidase-4 inhibitors will also be reviewed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/thno.71813DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9274751PMC
July 2022

CE-RAA-CRISPR Assay: A Rapid and Sensitive Method for Detecting in Seafood.

Authors:
Xinrui Lv Weiwei Cao Huang Zhang Yilin Zhang Lei Shi Lei Ye

Foods 2022 Jun 8;11(12). Epub 2022 Jun 8.

Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.

is one of the major pathogenic species that contaminate seafood. Rapid and accurate detection is crucial for avoiding foodborne diseases caused by pathogens and is important for food safety management and mariculture. In this study, we established a system that combines chemically enhanced clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) (CE-RAA-CRISPR) for detecting in seafood. The method combines RAA with CRISPR-associated protein 12a (Cas12a) for rapid detection in a one-pot reaction, effectively reducing the risk of aerosol contamination during DNA amplifier transfer. We optimized the primers for , determined the optimal crRNA/Cas12a ratio, and demonstrated that chemical additives (bovine serum albumin and L-proline) could enhance the detection capacity of Cas12a. The limit of detection (at optimal conditions) was as low as 6.7 × 10 CFU/mL in pure cultures and 7.3 × 10 CFU/g in shrimp. Moreover, this method exhibited no cross-reactivity with other microbial pathogens. The CE-RAA-CRISPR assay was compared with the quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay using actual food samples, and it showed 100% diagnostic agreement.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11121681DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9223090PMC
June 2022

Cardiomyocyte Proliferation from Fetal- to Adult- and from Normal- to Hypertrophy and Failing Hearts.

Authors:
Sanford P Bishop Jianyi Zhang Lei Ye

Biology (Basel) 2022 Jun 8;11(6). Epub 2022 Jun 8.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.

The cardiomyocyte undergoes dramatic changes in structure, metabolism, and function from the early fetal stage of hyperplastic cell growth, through birth and the conversion to hypertrophic cell growth, continuing to the adult stage and responding to various forms of stress on the myocardium, often leading to myocardial failure. The fetal cell with incompletely formed sarcomeres and other cellular and extracellular components is actively undergoing mitosis, organelle dispersion, and formation of daughter cells. In the first few days of neonatal life, the heart is able to repair fully from injury, but not after conversion to hypertrophic growth. Structural and metabolic changes occur following conversion to hypertrophic growth which forms a barrier to further cardiomyocyte division, though interstitial components continue dividing to keep pace with cardiac growth. Both intra- and extracellular structural changes occur in the stressed myocardium which together with hemodynamic alterations lead to metabolic and functional alterations of myocardial failure. This review probes some of the questions regarding conditions that regulate normal and pathologic growth of the heart.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11060880DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9220194PMC
June 2022

A trefoil knot self-templated through imination in water.

Authors:
Ye Lei Zhaoyong Li Guangcheng Wu Lijie Zhang Lu Tong Tianyi Tong Qiong Chen Lingxiang Wang Chenqi Ge Yuxi Wei Yuanjiang Pan Andrew C-H Sue Linjun Wang Feihe Huang Hao Li

Nat Commun 2022 06 21;13(1):3557. Epub 2022 Jun 21.

Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China.

The preparation of topologically nontrivial molecules is often assisted by covalent, supramolecular or coordinative templates that provide spatial pre-organization for all components. Herein, we report a trefoil knot that can be self-assembled efficiently in water without involving additional templates. The direct condensation of three equivalents of a tetraformyl precursor and six equivalents of a chiral diamine produces successfully a [3 + 6] trefoil knot whose intrinsic handedness is dictated by the stereochemical configuration of the diamine linkers. Contrary to the conventional wisdom that imine condensation is not amenable to use in water, the multivalent cooperativity between all the imine bonds within the framework makes this trefoil knot robust in the aqueous environment. Furthermore, the presence of water is proven to be essential for the trefoil knot formation. A topologically trivial macrocycle composed of two tetraformyl and four diamino building blocks is obtained when a similar reaction is performed in organic media, indicating that hydrophobic effect is a major driving force behind the scene.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-31289-1DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9213439PMC
June 2022

Analysis of the key prognostic genes and potential traditional Chinese medicine therapeutic targets in glioblastoma based on bioinformatics and network pharmacology methods.

Authors:
Zhiyu Xia Peng Gao Yu Chen Lei Shu Lei Ye Hongwei Cheng Xingliang Dai Yangchun Hu Zhongyong Wang

Transl Cancer Res 2022 May;11(5):1386-1405

Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.

Background: To analyze the key prognostic genes and potential traditional Chinese medicine targets in glioblastoma (GBM) by bioinformatics and network pharmacology.

Methods: GBM datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to clarify the differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) in the carcinoma and paracancerous tissues. The molecular functions (MF) and signaling pathways of enriched DEGs were analyzed by the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. The STRING database and Cytoscape software were used to construct the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and screen hub genes to focus on genes with greater clinical significance. The transcription expression and prognosis of hub genes were analyzed using the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA 2) database. The important compounds and target molecules were obtained via the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database (TCMSP) database. We identified the active ingredients by setting the property values of pharmacokinetic attribute values. We constructed the network of "Chinese medicine ingredients-DEGs target" and screened out the target genes and active ingredients with high correlation scores. Finally, molecular docking verification was carried out using AutoDock Tools and PyMOL.

Results: We obtained 271 DEGs, including 212 up-regulated genes and 59 down-regulated genes and screened ten hub genes. GO and KEGG analyses suggested that the hub genes were mainly involved in the following biological processes: the cell cycle, cell division, and cell adhesion, as well as extracellular matrix adhesion-related pathways, the p53 signaling pathways, and cadherin binding involved in cell-cell adhesion. We established the interaction network between the components and DEGs to screen out the traditional Chinese medicine active component (luteolin) and target genes (BIRC5 and CCNB1) for the treatment of GBM. The molecular docking results showed that the bindings of protein receptors, BIRC5 and CCNB1, with the compound ligand, luteolin, were stable and formed by hydrogen bonding interaction.

Conclusions: In this study, we determined that luteolin potentially inhibits glioblastoma proliferation and migration through key target genes, BIRC5 and CCNB1, via bioinformatics and network pharmacology analysis, and affects the prognosis of GBM patients, providing new ideas for clinical targeted therapy and new drug development.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/tcr-22-1122DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9189201PMC
May 2022

A novel inhalable quercetin-alginate nanogel as a promising therapy for acute lung injury.

Authors:
Yi-Bing Chen Ya-Bin Zhang Yu-Le Wang Prabhleen Kaur Bo-Guang Yang Yan Zhu Lei Ye Yuan-Lu Cui

J Nanobiotechnology 2022 Jun 11;20(1):272. Epub 2022 Jun 11.

State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 10 Poyanghu Road, West District of Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China.

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI), a severe health-threatening disease, has a risk of causing chronic pulmonary fibrosis. Informative and powerful evidence suggests that inflammation and oxidative stress play a central role in the pathogenesis of ALI. Quercetin is well recognized for its excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which showed great potential for ALI treatment. However, the application of quercetin is often hindered by its low solubility and bioavailability. Therefore, to overcome these challenges, an inhalable quercetin-alginate nanogel (QU-Nanogel) was fabricated, and by this special "material-drug" structure, the solubility and bioavailability of quercetin were significantly enhanced, which could further increase the activity of quercetin and provide a promising therapy for ALI.

Results: QU-Nanogel is a novel alginate and quercetin based "material-drug" structural inhalable nanogel, in which quercetin was stabilized by hydrogen bonding to obtain a "co-construct" water-soluble nanogel system, showing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. QU-Nanogel has an even distribution in size of less than 100 nm and good biocompatibility, which shows a stronger protective and antioxidant effect in vitro. Tissue distribution results provided evidence that the QU-Nanogel by ultrasonic aerosol inhalation is a feasible approach to targeted pulmonary drug delivery. Moreover, QU-Nanogel was remarkably reversed ALI rats by relieving oxidative stress damage and acting the down-regulation effects of mRNA and protein expression of inflammation cytokines via ultrasonic aerosol inhalation administration.

Conclusions: In the ALI rat model, this novel nanogel showed an excellent therapeutic effect by ultrasonic aerosol inhalation administration by protecting and reducing pulmonary inflammation, thereby preventing subsequent pulmonary fibrosis. This work demonstrates that this inhalable QU-Nanogel may function as a promising drug delivery strategy in treating ALI.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12951-022-01452-3DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9187928PMC
June 2022

Spinal canal decompression for hypertrophic neuropathy of the cauda equina with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy: A case report.

Authors:
Lei Ye Wei Yu Nai-Zheng Liang Ying Sun Li-Fen Duan

World J Clin Cases 2022 May;10(13):4294-4300

Department of Epilepsy, The Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming 650100, Yunnan Province, China.

Background: Hypertrophic neuropathy of the cauda equina (HNCE) is a rare disease, especially in children. It can be caused by different etiological agents such as inflammation, tumor or hereditary factors. Currently, there is no uniform standard for clinical treatment of HNCE. Furthermore, it is unclear whether spinal canal decompression is beneficial for patients with HNCE.

Case Summary: We report the case of a 13-year-old boy with enlargement of the cauda equina. The onset of the disease began at the age of 6 years and was initially marked by radiating pain in the buttocks and thighs after leaning over and weakness in the lower limbs when climbing a ladder. The child did not receive any medical treatment. As the disease slowly progressed, the child needed the help of others to walk, and he had a trendelenburg gait. He underwent spinal canal decompression and a nerve biopsy during his hospital stay. A diagnosis of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy was made based on electrophysiological findings and pathological examination results. Immunoglobulin or hormone therapy was recommended during hospitalization, but his mother refused. After discharge, the boy's mother helped him carry out postoperative rehabilitation training at home. His lower-limb muscle strength gradually increased, and he could stand upright and take steps. Six mo after surgery, the child was readmitted and began immunoglobulin therapy. Long-term oral steroid treatment was initiated after discharge. The movement and sensation of the lower limbs were further improved, and the boy could walk normally 1 year after surgery.

Conclusion: Spinal canal decompression can improve the clinical symptoms of HNCE caused by inflammation, even in children. When combined with specific etiological interventions, spinal cord decompression can lead to optimal outcomes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v10.i13.4294DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9131205PMC
May 2022

A Strategic Review on Carbon Quantum Dots for Cancer-Diagnostics and Treatment.

Authors:
Kaustubh Naik Shilpi Chaudhary Lei Ye Avanish Singh Parmar

Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022 18;10:882100. Epub 2022 May 18.

Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India.

The understanding of the genesis of life-threatening cancer and its invasion calls for urgent development of novel technologies for real-time observations, early diagnosis, and treatment. Quantum dots (QDs) grabbed the spotlight in oncology owing to their excellent photostability, bright fluorescence, high biocompatibility, good electrical and chemical stability with minimum invasiveness. Recently, carbon QDs (CQDs) have become popular over toxic inorganic QDs in the area of bioimaging, biosensing, and drug delivery. Further, CQDs derived from natural sources like biomolecules and medicinal plants have drawn attention because of their one-pot, low-cost and ease of synthesis, along with remarkable tunable optical properties and biocompatibility. This review introduces the synthesis and properties of CQDs derived from natural sources, focusing on the applicability of CQD-based technologies as nano-theranostics for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Furthermore, the current issues and future directions for the transformation of CQDs-based nanotechnologies to clinical applications are highlighted.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2022.882100DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9158127PMC
May 2022

Dangling Octahedra Enable Edge States in 2D Lead Halide Perovskites.

Authors:
Yan Qin Zhi-Gang Li Fei-Fei Gao Haisheng Chen Xiang Li Bin Xu Qian Li Xingxing Jiang Wei Li Xiang Wu Zewei Quan Lei Ye Yang Zhang Zheshuai Lin Laurent Pedesseau Jacky Even Peixiang Lu Xian-He Bu

Adv Mater 2022 Jul 16;34(29):e2201666. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.

The structural reconstruction at the crystal layer edges of 2D lead halide perovskites (LHPs) leads to unique edge states (ES), which are manifested by prolonged carrier lifetime and reduced emission energy. These special ES can effectively enhance the optoelectronic performance of devices, but their intrinsic origin and working mechanism remain elusive. Here it is demonstrated that the ES of a family of 2D Ruddlesden-Popper LHPs [BA CsPb Br , BA MAPb Br , and BA MA Pb Br (BA = butylammonium; MA = methylammonium)] arise from the rotational symmetry elevation of the PbBr octahedra dangling at the crystal layer edges. These dangling octahedra give rise to localized electronic states that enable an effective transport of electrons from the interior to layer edges, and the population of electrons in both the interior states and the ES can be manipulated via controlling the external fields. Moreover, the abundant phonons, activated by the dangling octahedra, can interact with electrons to facilitate radiative recombination, counterintuitive to the suppressive role commonly observed in conventional semiconductors. This work unveils the intrinsic atomistic and electronic origins of ES in 2D LHPs, which can stimulate the exploration of ES-based exotic optoelectronic properties and the corresponding design of high-performance devices for these emergent low-dimensional semiconductors.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.202201666DOI Listing
July 2022

Effects of Time-Restricted Feeding on Energy Balance: A Cross-Over Trial in Healthy Subjects.

Authors:
Riqiang Bao Yingkai Sun Yiran Jiang Lei Ye Jie Hong Weiqing Wang

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022 27;13:870054. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Time-restricted feeding (TRF) has been recently reported as an effective dietary intervention for losing body weight, implying a negative energy balance, without restricting nutrient intake. However, the detailed energy balance alteration caused by TRF remains unclear. This study was a randomized controlled clinical trial using a within-subject cross-over design. Twelve healthy, normal-weighted volunteers (age: 24 ± 2.3 years; BMI: 21.9 ± 1.71 kg/m; 7 females) were studied under a rigorous control for calorie intakes, physical activities as well as sleep-wake cycle to evaluate the energy balance systematically. Each participant consumed an isocaloric diet within either a 5.5-hour TRF or 11-hour control schedule. All energy intake and excretion were traced and collected and accessed by bomb calorimetry. Energy expenditure and substrates oxidation were monitored in a metabolic chamber. TRF compared with control schedule is associated with a 22.7% increase in fecal energy loss (Δ = 32.25 ± 9.33 Kcal, p = 0.005) and a trend in increasing 14.5% urine energy loss (Δ = 6.67 ± 3.14 Kcal, p = 0.058) without change energy expenditure. In total, a negative energy balance (Δ = -45.95 ± 19.00 Kcal, p = 0.034), which was equal to -2.6% of total energy intake, has been observed during TRF interventions. In the meantime, glycemic profiles, heart rate, respiration rate as well as metabolic flexibility were also improved during TRF intervention. Taken together, our findings unravel the mystery of how TRF regulates energy balance, supporting the use of TRF as an alternative dietary strategy for weight loss.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.870054DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9092453PMC
April 2022

Black Truffles Affect Physiology and Root-Associated - and -Type Denitrifying Bacterial Communities in the Initial Stage of Inoculation.

Authors:
Zongjing Kang Xiaolin Li Yan Li Lei Ye Bo Zhang Xiaoping Zhang Petri Penttinen Yunfu Gu

Front Microbiol 2022 28;13:792568. Epub 2022 Apr 28.

Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.

Truffles ( spp.) are edible ectomycorrhizal fungi with high economic value. Bacteria in ectomycorrhizosphere soils are considered to be associated with the nutrient uptake of truffles and hosts. Whether spp. inoculation can affect the growth of , the ectomycorrhizosphere soil, and the rhizosphere and -denitrifier communities at the ectomycorrhizae formation stage is still unclear. Therefore, we inoculated with the black truffles and , determined the physiological activity and morphological indices of seedlings, analyzed the physicochemical properties of ectomycorrhizosphere soils, and applied DNA sequencing to assess the and - denitrifier community structure in ectomycorrhizosphere soils. Peroxidase activity was higher in the seedlings inoculated with than in the inoculation and uninoculated control treatments. The available phosphorus contents were lower and nitrate contents were higher in those with truffle inoculation, and treatment differed more from the control than the treatment. The richness of the -community was highest in the treatment and lowest in the uninoculated treatment. The differences in -community composition across treatments were not statistically significant, but the communities were different. The -type bacteria correlated with three environmental factors (pH, available phosphorus, and nitrate contents), whereas the -type bacteria were only associated with the nitrate contents. Generally, this work revealed that inoculation with spp. would change a few nutrient contents and richness of -type bacteria and had little effects on growth of seedlings in the initial stage of inoculation. The results of this study may provide in-depth insights into the relationships between spp. and hosts, which should be taken into account when developing truffle production methods.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.792568DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9096950PMC
April 2022

Functionalized MOF-Derived Nanoporous Carbon as Compatible Nanofiller to Fabricate Defect-Free PDMS-Based Mixed Matrix Pervaporation Membranes.

Authors:
Xu Zhang Zhaowei Tong Chao Liu Lei Ye Yuwei Zhou Qin Meng Guoliang Zhang Congjie Gao

ACS Omega 2022 May 26;7(18):15786-15794. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

Center for Membrane and Water Science & Technology, Institute of Oceanic and Environmental Chemical Engineering, State Key Lab Breeding Base of Green Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014 Hangzhou, China.

Metal-organic framework (MOF)-based polydimethylsiloxane mixed matrix membranes applied for alcohol recovery with high permeability and selectivity are drawing more and more attention. However, the design and fabrication of high-quality and stable MOF-based mixed matrix membrane for pervaporation are still a big challenge. Herein, PDMS functionalized MOF-derived nanoporous carbon (P-ZNC) was first explored as compatible nanofiller to mutually blend with polydimethylsiloxane on PVDF substrate to fabricate defect-free mixed matrix membranes via dip-coating and thermal cross-linkng. Induced by UV illumination, hydrophobic modification of MOF-derived nanoporous carbon was successfully realized under mild conditions within one step, simplifying the operation step. By using this facile strategy, we can not only solve the existing problem of agglomeration, but also covalently cross-link MOF derivative with polymeric matrix and effectively eliminate the interface defect between polymer and nanoparticles without any extra steps. The method also gives a good level of generality for the synthesis of versatile stable nanoporous MOF-derived carbon-based mixed matrix membranes on various supports. The prepared PDMS/P-ZNC with commendable structures possessed excellent separation performance in low concentration -butanol recovery and had a good balance between permeance, selectivity, and stability.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c00881DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9097190PMC
May 2022

Development of a Genomic Instability-Derived lncRNAs-Based Risk Signature as a Predictor of Prognosis for Endometrial Cancer.

Authors:
Xiaojun Wang Lei Ye Bilan Li

J Cancer 2022 11;13(7):2213-2225. Epub 2022 Apr 11.

Department of Gynaecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.

Endometrial cancer (EC) ranks fourth in the incidence rate among the most frequent gynaecological malignancies reported in the developed countries. Approximately 280,000 endometrial cancer cases are reported worldwide every year. Genomic instability and mutation are some of the favourable characteristics of human malignancies such as endometrial cancer. Studies have established that the majority of genomic mutations in human malignancies are found in the chromosomal regions that do not code for proteins. In addition, the majority of transcriptional products of these mutations are long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). In this study, 78 lncRNA genes were found on the basis of their mutation counts. Then, these lncRNAs were investigated to determine their relationship with genomic instability through hierarchical cluster analysis, mutation analysis, and differential analysis of driving genes responsible for genomic instability. The prognostic value of these lncRNAs was also assessed in patients with EC, and a risk factor score formula composed of 15 lncRNAs was constructed. We then identified this formula as genome instability-derived lncRNA-based gene signature (GILncSig), which stratified patients into high- and low-risk groups with significantly different outcome. And GILncSig was further validated in multiple independent patient cohorts as a prognostic factor of other clinicopathological features, such as stage, grade, overall survival rate. We observed that a high-risk score is often associated with an unfavourable prognosis in patients with EC.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/jca.65581DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9066205PMC
April 2022

A Multiclassifier System to Identify and Subtype Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Based on Circulating Steroid Hormones.

Authors:
Lei Ye Zhiyun Zhao Huixia Ren Wencui Wang Wenzhong Zhou Sichang Zheng Rulai Han Jie Zhang Haorong Li Zhihan Wan Chao Tang Shouyue Sun Weiqing Wang Guang Ning

J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022 07;107(8):e3304-e3312

Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Context: Measurement of plasma steroids is necessary for diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). We sought to establish an efficient strategy for detection and subtyping of CAH with a machine-learning algorithm.

Methods: Clinical phenotype and genetic testing were used to provide CAH diagnosis and subtype. We profiled 13 major steroid hormones by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. A multiclassifier system was established to distinguish 11β-hydroxylase deficiency (11βOHD), 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency (17OHD), and 21α-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD) in a discovery cohort (n = 226). It was then validated in an independent cohort (n = 111) and finally applied in a perspective cohort of 256 patients. The diagnostic performance on the basis of area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) was evaluated.

Results: A cascade logistic regression model, we named the "Steroidogenesis Score", was able to discriminate the 3 most common CAH subtypes: 11βOHD, 17OHD, and 21OHD. In the perspective application cohort, the steroidogenesis score had a high diagnostic accuracy for all 3 subtypes, 11βOHD (AUC, 0.994; 95% CI, 0.983-1.000), 17OHD (AUC, 0.993; 95% CI, 0.985-1.000), and 21OHD (AUC, 0.979; 95% CI, 0.964-0.994). For nonclassic 21OHD patients, the tool presented with significantly higher sensitivity compared with measurement of basal 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP) (0.973 vs 0.840, P = 0.005) and was not inferior to measurement of basal vs stimulated 17OHP (0.973 vs 0.947, P = 0.681).

Conclusions: The steroidogenesis score was biochemically interpretable and showed high accuracy in identifying CAH patients, especially for nonclassic 21OHD patients, thus offering a standardized approach to diagnose and subtype CAH.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgac271DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9282246PMC
July 2022

Exploration of KCNJ5 Somatic Mutation and CYP11B1/CYP11B2 Staining in Multiple Nodules in Primary Aldosteronism.

Authors:
Jing Xie Cui Zhang Xuefeng Wang Yiran Jiang Luming Wu Lei Ye Xuan Wang Wen Xie Haimin Xu Weiqing Wang

Front Med (Lausanne) 2022 12;9:823065. Epub 2022 Apr 12.

Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Objective: Unilateral primary aldosteronism (PA) includes aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA), unilateral adrenal hyperplasia, and unilateral multiple nodules. The correlation of multiple nodules, especially genotypic and pathological characteristics, remains unknown. KCNJ5 mutation accounts for 60-80% of unilateral PA, so we aimed to explore the correlation of KCNJ5 somatic mutation and CYP11B1/CYP11B2 staining in multiple nodules in unilateral PA.

Design And Methods: A total of 56 microdissected nodules from 24 patients with unilateral PA were included. We assessed somatic KCNJ5 mutations, immunohistochemistry for aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2)/cortisol synthase (CYP11B1), and histological cellular composition of nodules together with adjacent adrenal cortical statements.

Results: KCNJ5 mutations were identified in 17 (17/56, 30.4%) nodules from 11 adrenals (11/24, 45.8%). All KCNJ5-mutant nodules were positive for CYP11B2 staining, 6 cases (6/11) had only one KCNJ5-mutant nodular, and the other 5 cases (5/11) had more than one KCNJ5-mutant nodules. Three cases (3/11) had different KCNJ5 mutations in individual nodules. Compared with KCNJ5-positive adrenals, the cortices adjacent to the nodules in KCNJ5-negative adrenals showed significant proliferation ( = 0.004). CYP11B2/CYP11B1 expression patterns revealed great heterogeneity in intensity and range both in KCNJ5-mutant nodules and KCNJ5-WT ones.

Conclusion: There is great heterogeneity among nodules from patients with unilateral PA. Countable nodules could be considered as multiple APAs, featuring somatic KCNJ5 mutation, positive CYP11B2 staining, and lack of adjacent cortical proliferation in unilateral multiple nodules.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.823065DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9039053PMC
April 2022

Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging Nanomedicine for the Treatment of Ischemic Heart Disease.

Authors:
Zhan Zhang Rinkoo Dalan Zhenyu Hu Jiong-Wei Wang Nicholas Ws Chew Kian-Keong Poh Ru-San Tan Tuck Wah Soong Yunlu Dai Lei Ye Xiaoyuan Chen

Adv Mater 2022 Apr 25:e2202169. Epub 2022 Apr 25.

Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore.

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to play key roles in the progression of diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia, which are independent risk factors that lead to atherosclerosis and the development of IHD. Engineered biomaterial-based nanomedicines are under extensive investigation and exploration, serving as smart and multifunctional nanocarriers for synergistic therapeutic effect. Capitalizing on cell/molecule-targeting drug delivery, nanomedicines present enhanced specificity and safety with favorable pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Herein, the roles of ROS in both IHD and its risk factors are discussed, highlighting cardiovascular medications that have antioxidant properties, and summarizing the advantages, properties, and recent achievements of nanomedicines that have ROS scavenging capacity for the treatment of diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, ischemia/reperfusion, and myocardial infarction. Finally, the current challenges of nanomedicines for ROS-scavenging treatment of IHD and possible future directions are discussed from a clinical perspective.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.202202169DOI Listing
April 2022

The Role of Amino Acids in Endothelial Biology and Function.

Authors:
Meng Li Yanqing Wu Lei Ye

Cells 2022 04 18;11(8). Epub 2022 Apr 18.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.

The vascular endothelium acts as an important component of the vascular system. It is a barrier between the blood and vessel wall. It plays an important role in regulating blood vessel tone, permeability, angiogenesis, and platelet functions. Several studies have shown that amino acids (AA) are key regulators in maintaining vascular homeostasis by modulating endothelial cell (EC) proliferation, migration, survival, and function. This review summarizes the metabolic and signaling pathways of AAs in ECs and discusses the importance of AA homeostasis in the functioning of ECs and vascular homeostasis. It also discusses the challenges in understanding the role of AA in the development of cardiovascular pathophysiology and possible directions for future research.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11081372DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9030017PMC
April 2022

Short- and Long-Term Response of Vagus Nerve Stimulation Therapy in Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Authors:
Hongliang Mao Yonghao Chen Qintao Ge Lei Ye Hongwei Cheng

Neuromodulation 2022 04 14;25(3):327-342. Epub 2021 Aug 14.

Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China. Electronic address:

Objectives: To compare the short- and long-term efficacies as well as tolerability of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) for the patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) in comparison with status at baseline.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a specific and systematic search in online data bases for relevant literature published prior to December 2020. The literature retrieved, including randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and observational studies, were then reviewed and analyzed. A fixed-effect model was used to evaluate the pooled odds ratio (OR) of responder rates and complications associated with RCTs. A random-effect model was used to generate overall responder rates and overall incidences of complication.

Results: A total of 61 studies, featuring 5223 patients, were included in our study. The pooled ORs of responder rates, hoarseness/voice change, throat pain, coughing, dyspnea, paresthesia, muscle pain, and headache during the short-term phase were 2.195 (p = 0.001), 5.527 (p = 0.0001), 0.935 (p = 0.883), 1.119 (p = 0.655), 2.901 (p = 0.005), 1.775 (p = 0.061), 3.606 (p = 0.123), and 0.928 (p = 0.806), respectively. The overall responder rates in 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months postoperatively were 0.421, 0.455, 0.401, 0.451, 0.482, 0.502, and 0.508, respectively. The overall incidences of complication were 0.274 for hoarseness/voice change, 0.099 for throat pain, 0.133 for coughing, 0.099 for dyspnea, 0.102 for paresthesia, 0.062 for muscle pain, 0.101 for headache, 0.015 for dysphagia, 0.013 for neck pain, 0.040 for infection, 0.030 for lead fracture, 0.019 for vocal cord palsy, and 0.020 for device malfunction, respectively.

Conclusions: The estimating of efficacy and tolerability, using data from the existing literature, indicated VNS therapy is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with DRE.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ner.13509DOI Listing
April 2022

Biparametric magnetic resonance imaging assessment for detection of muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Authors:
Lei Ye Yuntian Chen Hui Xu Huimin Xie Jin Yao Jiaming Liu Bin Song

Eur Radiol 2022 Apr 1. Epub 2022 Apr 1.

Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu City, 610041, Sichuan Province, China.

Objectives: To investigate if removing DCE from the Vesical Imaging Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS) influences the diagnostic accuracy of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). We also explored using different reference standards on the MRI diagnostic performance.

Methods: We searched the Cochrane Library, Embase, and PubMed databases to June 26, 2021. Pooled biparametric MRI (bpMRI, T2WI+DWI) and multiparametric MRI (mpMRI, T2WI+DWI+DCE) sensitivities and specificities and the diagnostic performances of these methods for MIBC were compared using different reference standards.

Results: Seventeen studies with 2344 patients were finally included, of which 7 studies, including 1041 patients, reported the diagnostic performance of bpMRI. VI-RADS showed sensitivities and specificities of 0.91 (95% CI 0.87-0.94) and 0.86 (95% CI 0.77-0.91) at cutoff scores of 3, and 0.85 (95% CI 0.77-0.90) and 0.93 (95% CI 0.89-0.96) at cutoff scores of 4. BpMRI showed sensitivities and specificities of 0.90 (95% CI 0.69-0.97) and 0.90 (95% CI 0.81-0.95), and 0.84 (95% CI 0.78-0.88) and 0.97 (95% CI 0.87-0.99), respectively, for cutoff scores of 3 and 4. The sensitivities of bpMRI vs mpMRI for MIBC were not significantly different, but bpMRI was more specific than mpMRI at cutoff scores of 3 (p = 0.02) and 4 (p = 0.02). The VI-RADS studies using primary transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT) as the reference standard had significantly higher sensitivities (p < 0.001) than those using secondary TURBT or radical cystectomy as the reference.

Data Conclusion: BpMRI and conventional VI-RADS had similar diagnostic efficacies for MIBC. Since MRI overestimated MIBC diagnoses using primary TURBT as the reference standard, we recommend using secondary TURBT as the reference standard.

Key Points: • Biparametric MRI without DCE had similar diagnostic efficacies for MIBC compared with conventional VI-RADS. • The sensitivity of VI-RADS was overestimated when referring to the primary TURBT results. • Biparametric MRI comprised of T2WI and DWI could be used for detecting MIBC in clinical practice.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00330-022-08696-5DOI Listing
April 2022

Independent validation of distinct clinicopathological features and prognosis among usual-type, mucinous-type and gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma categorised by new WHO classification (2020).

Authors:
Haiyan Shi Ying Shao Huilin Zhang Lei Ye Enping Xu Bingjian Lu

Pathology 2022 Mar 25. Epub 2022 Mar 25.

Department of Surgical Pathology, Center for Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. Electronic address:

The new World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumours of the female genital tract (2020) divides endocervical adenocarcinoma (EAC) into human papilloma virus (HPV)-related adenocarcinoma (HPVA) and HPV-independent adenocarcinoma (HPVI) to underscore the morphological and pathogenetic correlation. It may be potentially prognostic. In this study, we appraised the new WHO classification in an independent, single institution-based EAC cohort from China to assess the clinicopathological features and prognostic value among tumour types. Our study cohort contained 402 consecutive, surgically excised EACs consisting of 298 (74.1%) HPVA, 88 (21.9%) HPVI and 16 (4%) adenocarcinomas not otherwise specified (NOS). Usual-type (55.7%) and gastric-type adenocarcinoma (GAC) (18.2%) was the most common type in HPVA and HPVI, respectively. Block p16 staining (94.7% vs 24.4%) and HPV mRNA signal (89.4% vs 0) were more common in HPVA than in HPVI (p<0.001). HPVI or GAC were more frequently associated with prognostically adverse variables including old age, large tumour size, deep invasion of the cervical wall, high tumour stage, spread of the upper genital tract, lymphovascular invasion, and mutant-type p53 expression, compared to HPVA or mucinous/usual-type HPVA, respectively (all p<0.001). In univariate survival analysis, HPVI had a worse overall survival and higher tumour recurrence compared to HPVA (p<0.05). Mucinous-type HPVA showed a worse prognosis than usual-type HPVA, but better than GAC (p<0.001). Multivariate survival analysis demonstrated that HPVI was independently associated with a worse overall survival and tumour recurrence (p<0.05) while GAC was an adverse prognostic factor independently of FIGO stage (p<0.05). Our findings validate the value of the new WHO classification in prognostic stratification and pathogenetic correlation in EAC and its subtypes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pathol.2021.12.301DOI Listing
March 2022
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