Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2022 Jun 16;189:109965. Epub 2022 Jun 16.
School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland Q422, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland Q422, Australia. Electronic address:
Aims: This meta-analysis aims to update former meta-analyses from randomized controlled trials (RCT) focused on the efficacy of CBT for diabetes.
Methods: Five databases were searched for RCTs. Primary outcomes were glycated hemoglobin (HbA), fasting blood glucose (FBS), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and body mass index (BMI). Secondary outcomes were depression, anxiety and distress symptoms, quality of life, sleep quality.
Results: 32 RCTs were included. Results revealed that CBT could reduce HbA: -0.14% (95% CI: -0.25 to -0.02%, P = 0.020); FBS: -15.48 mg/dl (95% CI: -30.16 to -0.81 mg/dl, P = 0.040); DBP: -2.88 mmHg (95% CI: -4.08 to -1.69 mmHg, P < 0.001); depression symptoms: -0.90 (95% CI: -1.22 to -0.57, P < 0.001); anxiety symptoms: -0.28 (95% CI: -0.50 to -0.07, P = 0.009); improve sleep quality: -0.92 (95% CI: -1.77 to -0.07, P = 0.030). Subgroup analysis indicated that CBT has siginificantly reduced HbA when delivered as a group-based and face-to-face method, and psycho-education, behavioral, cognitive, goal-setting, homework assignment strategies were applied as central strategies.
Conclusion: CBT was an effective treatment for diabetes patients, significantly reduced their HbA, FBS, DBP, depression and anxiety symptoms, and improved sleep quality.