Publications by authors named "Jing Sun"

2,833 Publications

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The determination of antibacterial mode for cationic lipopeptides brevibacillins against Salmonella typhimurium by quantum chemistry calculation.

Authors:
Yubo Wu Ting Nie Fanqiang Meng Libang Zhou Meirong Chen Jing Sun Zhaoxin Lu Yingjian Lu

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021 Jun 23. Epub 2021 Jun 23.

College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China.

Brevibacillins are broad-spectrum cationic antimicrobial lipopeptides produced by Brevibacillus laterosporus fmb70 CGMCC 18426. The antibacterial mode of brevibacillins against Salmonella typhimurium CICC 21493 was investigated by quantum chemistry calculation in this study. The addition of LPS, Mg, and Ca partially reduced the antimicrobial activity of brevibacillin and brevibacillin V against S. typhimurium, which indicated that the two cationic lipopeptides could bind to LPS and displaced the divalent cations on the LPS network. Release of LPS from S. typhimurium by brevibacillin and brevibacillin V resulted in destroying the dense LPS network and increasing the permeability of the outer membrane. Quantum chemistry calculation analysis revealed that Lys7 is the most critical amino acid residue to destroy the outer membrane. The total average N-H charge difference of the three protonated amino groups (Orn3-NH, Lys7-NH, and Lys10-NH) determined the ability of brevibacillin V to bind LPS stronger than brevibacillin. Calcein complete leakage from liposomes and release of DiSC-5 from the cytoplasmic membrane (CM) indicated that brevibacillin and brevibacillin V may destroy the CM. Brevibacillin and brevibacillin V exhibited their antimicrobial activities through membrane damages, where the OM permeability with high concentration of 64-256 µg/mL and membrane damage of CM with a low concentration of 4 μg/mL. Our finding might be helpful to understand the broad-spectrum antimicrobial mechanism of cationic lipopeptide and to design the novel antimicrobial peptide. KEY POINTS: • Brevibacillin V had stronger affinity for LPS than brevibacillin. • The N-H charge difference was the key of the difference in the affinity to LPS. • Brevibacillins inhibited Salmonella by displacing the divalent cations on the LPS.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-021-11398-5DOI Listing
June 2021

miR-181d promotes pancreatic beta cell dysfunction by targeting IRS2 in gestational diabetes mellitus.

Authors:
Hui Shen Jing Sun Jing Liu Lu Wang Lingyun Dong

Ginekol Pol 2021 Jun 22. Epub 2021 Jun 22.

Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, China.

Objectives: Hyperglycemia that develops during pregnancy is a diagnostic criterion of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Current studies have shown that the expression of miRNA-181d is significantly enhanced in the glomeruli of type 2 diabetic. However, the relationship between miR-181d and GDM has never been reported before.

Material And Methods: The serum samples were collected from patients with GDM and subjected to qRT-PCR to verify the potential altered the miR-181d expression. In an in vitro GDM model, the miR-181d expression was induced by high glucose treatment, a miR-181d inhibitor was transfected into INS-1 cells to reduce miR-181d expression. Then, the level of insulin mRNA, cell viability, and content of total insulin were analyzed through ELISA, CCK-8 assay, and qRT-PCR assay. The relative apoptosis rates were detected by Annexin-V/PI assays. Finally, the shIRS2 transfection was performed to test whether in pancreatic β cells, IRS2 had similar insulin-enhancing functions as the miR-181d inhibitor.

Results: MiR-181d expression level was positively correlated with fasting blood glucose levels and the inhibition of miR-181d reduced insulin resistance, enhanced cells viability and suppressed high-glucose-induced apoptosis. In addition, the suppression of miR-181d improved the functions of INS-1 cells by targeting IRS2.

Conclusions: In summary, this study indicated that miR-181d modulated the process of insulin signaling and cell viability and apoptosis in pancreatic β cells by targeting IRS-2, suggesting that miR-181d inhibition is a potential target for GDM therapy.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.5603/GP.a2021.0077DOI Listing
June 2021

Improved photocatalytic oxidation performance of gaseous acetaldehyde by ternary g-CN/Ag-TiO composites under visible light.

Authors:
Congyu Wang Zepeng Rao Asad Mahmood Xiao Wang Yan Wang Xiaofeng Xie Jing Sun

J Colloid Interface Sci 2021 Jun 4;602:699-711. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai 200050, China. Electronic address:

In the process of photocatalytic oxidation (PCO), titanium dioxide (TiO) shows excellent capabilities. However, when TiO is used to remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs), there are some drawbacks including weak adsorption of gaseous contaminants, insufficient utilization of sunlight, and rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers. Herein, a TiO-based ternary heterogeneous photocatalyst, g-CN/Ag-TiO, was successfully fabricated to photodegrade gaseous acetaldehyde (one of the representatives of oxygenated VOCs) under visible light. Among the various samples, the g-CN/50 wt% Ag-TiO exhibited an excellent photocatalytic activity, which was 5.8 times of bare TiO. The mineralization efficiency of acetaldehyde was also increased by 3.7 times compared to bare TiO. The substantial improvement in the PCO performance of the ternary system can be associated with the good adsorption to acetaldehyde gas and light-harvesting capability, as well as improved charge separation process. The application of Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model suggested that relative humidity played a significant role in the VOCs degradation. Also, the photodegradation of gaseous acetaldehyde primarily occurred on the catalysts surface. Based on several characterizations, i.e., UV-vis spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectrum, photocurrent spectroscopy and electron spin-resonance test, a suitable degradation mechanism is proposed. This study provides a novel ternary photocatalyst with improved photocatalytic performance and stability, which can be used for the low-concentration VOCs abatement in the indoor environment.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2021.05.186DOI Listing
June 2021

Synergetic Metal Defect and Surface Chemical Reconstruction into NiCo2S4/ZnS Heterojunction to Achieve Outstanding Electrocatalysis Performance.

Authors:
Jing Sun Hui Xue Niankun Guo Tianshan Song Yi-Ru Hao Jiawen Sun Jiangwei Zhang Qin Wang

Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021 Jun 21. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Inner Mongolia University, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hohhot, 010021, Hohhot, CHINA.

Defect and interface engineering are recognized as effective strategies to regulate electronic structure and improve activity of metal sulfide . However, the practical application of sulfide is restricted by their low conductivity and rapid decline in activity derived from large volume fluctuation during electrocatalysis process. More importantly, the determination of exact active site of sulfide is complicated due to the inevitable electrochemical reconstruction. Herein, ZnS nanoparticles with Zn defect are anchored onto the surface of NiCo 2 S 4 nanosheet to construct NiCo 2 S 4 /ZnS hybrids, which exhibit outstanding oxygen evolution performance with an ultralow overpotential of 140 mV. The anchoring of defective ZnS nanoparticles inhibit the volume expansion of NiCo 2 S 4 nanosheet during the cycling process. Density-functional theory reveals that the build-in interfacial potential and Zn defect can facilitate the thermodynamic formation of *O to *OOH, thus improve their intrinsic activity .
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.202107731DOI Listing
June 2021

The relationship between serum folate and grip strength in American adults.

Authors:
Liming Zhang Jing Sun Zhaoying Li Dongfeng Zhang

Arch Osteoporos 2021 Jun 19;16(1):97. Epub 2021 Jun 19.

Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health of Qingdao University, No.308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266021, China.

We used data from NHANES to explore the associations between serum folate and grip strength, and found that high levels of serum folate were associated with increased grip strength among females rather than males. It is recommended to maintain a proper level of serum folate, especially in women.

Purpose: Associations and dose-response relationships between serum total folate, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, and grip strength in general adults were unknown. Thus, we conducted this analysis for further exploration.

Methods: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database of 2011-2014 cycle were used. The independent variables including serum total folate, combined total folate (total folate plus Mefox), and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate. The dependent variable was BMI-corrected grip strength. Linear regression and the restricted cubic splines were used in our analyses.

Results: A total of 9079 adults aged over 20 years were included. In multivariate-adjusted model 2, compared with quartile (Q) 1, grip strength increased in Q3 of combined total folate and total folate, and the weighted β values with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of grip strength were 0.06 (0.01, 0.12) and 0.06 (0.00, 0.10) for combined total folate and total folate, respectively. In the stratified analysis by gender, positive relationships between combined total folate, total folate, and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate and grip strength were found only in females, with β (95% CIs) of 0.07 (0.02, 0.12), 0.07 (0.03, 0.12), and 0.09 (0.05, 0.13) for combined total folate, total folate, and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate in Q4, respectively. Non-linear positive dose-response relationships between serum folate and grip strength were also found only in females, not in males.

Conclusion: Our study suggested a positive association between serum folate and grip strength, while this positive association was only found in females; besides, the dose-response relationships were in a non-linear trend. Thus, it is recommended to maintain a proper serum folate level to keep better muscle strength, especially for women.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11657-021-00937-2DOI Listing
June 2021

Acid-Induced Self-Catalyzing Platform Based on Dextran-Coated Copper Peroxide Nanoaggregates for Biofilm Treatment.

Authors:
Min Li Xi Lan Ximei Han Shuo Shi Hao Sun Yi Kang Jie Dan Jing Sun Wentao Zhang Jianlong Wang

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021 Jun 18. Epub 2021 Jun 18.

College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.

Nanoantibacterial agents based on catalytic activity were limited due to the low levels of endogenous HO in the microenvironment of bacterial biofilms. However, the additional HO will trigger more side effects to healthy surroundings, which is still a great challenge. Herein, we report an acid-induced self-catalyzing platform based on dextran-coated copper peroxide nanoaggregates (DCPNAs) for antibiofilm and local infection therapy applications. The dextran-functionalized DCPNAs were mediated and conveniently purified via a dextran and ethanol precipitation method, which can also cluster nanodots into nanoaggregates and show good penetrability as well as biocompatibility. Bacterial biofilms were inhibited and destroyed by the reactive oxygen species generated from the Fenton reaction between the Cu and HO released from DCPNAs in an acidic environment, which did not require additional HO. As expected, the DCPNAs exhibit low cytotoxicity and excellent acid-induced antibacterial and antibiofilm ability. Moreover, the DCPNAs realized great therapeutic outcomes in the application for in vivo wound healing. The overall excellent properties associated with the DCPNAs highlight that they could be considered as a kind of ideal antimicrobial agents for microbial biofilm infection treatment.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.1c03409DOI Listing
June 2021

Ridge preservation of a novel extraction socket applying Bio-Oss® collagen: An experimental study in dogs.

Authors:
Qihang Fan Hao Zeng Wei Fan Tao Wu Jing Sun Qi Yan Bin Shi

J Dent Sci 2021 Jul 16;16(3):831-839. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.

Background: Bio-Oss® collagen (BC) has been used in clinical applications for years but the ridge preservation property of BC remains controversial. There is no animal model accurately simulates the extraction socket in people. The aim of this study was to assess the ridge preservation of a novel extraction sockets with a thin buccal plate using BC.

Materials And Methods: Two beagle dogs were used to assess the characterization of the novel extraction socket. The width and height of the socket were measured and biopsies of the socket were collected for histologic examination. Four beagle dogs were used to assess the ridge preservation property of BC. BC was placed in the socket and socket left untreated was set as control group (CT). Cone-beam computed tomography analysis, histological examination, and micro-CT analysis were used to evaluate the ridge preservation.

Results: The novel extraction socket had obvious larger volume with a markedly narrow buccal wall than mandible extraction sockets. At 12 weeks, the width of the crest of the alveolar ridge preservation ratios was 34% for the CT and 82% for the BC. BC group had larger socket volume compare to CT group. BC group had a significant higher bone density in the middle and apical areas of the alveolar bone. Socket placed with BC showed significantly less vertical bone loss compared with CT group.

Conclusion: Extraction site with a significantly larger dimension and a very thin buccal plate was established. Extraction sockets filled with BC exhibit excellent maintenance of alveolar bone volume.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jds.2021.03.005DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8189885PMC
July 2021

Detection and Clinical Value of Circulating Tumor Cells as an Assisted Prognostic Marker in Colorectal Cancer Patients.

Authors:
Rui-Jun Pan Hi-Ju Hong Jing Sun Chao-Ran Yu Hai-Shan Liu Pei-Yong Li Min-Hua Zheng

Cancer Manag Res 2021 8;13:4567-4578. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.

Background: Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are cells that have been shed into the vasculature from a primary tumor and circulate in the bloodstream. It has been suggested that detecting CTCs could help the clinician to detect early metastasis or recurrence more effectively. This trial sets out to assess the detection and clinical value of CTCs as an assisted prognostic marker in patients with colon cancer and rectal cancer.

Methods: A prospective cohort of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) was enrolled from July 2015 to February 2018 in Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Shanghai, China. In this study, 149 patients with CRC were enrolled and underwent surgical treatment. There were 79 cases of colon cancer and 70 cases of rectal cancer, including 93 males and 56 females. To investigate the correlativity and clinical value of CTCs, the patients were statistically analyzed in different subgroups: colon cancer group vs rectal cancer group, and left hemicolon cancer group vs right hemicolon cancer group.

Results: The results of analysis comparing CTC counts and clinical pathological features in colon and rectal cancer indicated that with increased tumor stage, the number of CTCs also increased, with significant statistical differences. CTC counts in patients with colon and rectal cancer showed positive correlations with TNM staging (=0.001, 0.013, respectively), T staging (=0.021, 0.001), N staging (=0.014, 0.035) and M staging (=0.018, 0.203). Detection of serum biomarkers in CTC-positive and CTC-negative groups indicated a significantly increasing expression in the CTC-positive group. To confirm the correlations between CTCs and histoembryological differences, analysis was conducted with the patients in two subgroups: left hemicolon cancer group and right hemicolon cancer group. The results showed that the positive rate of CTCs increased in both groups with the increase in tumor stage. The survival analysis indicated that there was a steep gradient in survival in the follow-up period, particularly in the CTC-positive group (=0.000). Risk assessment curves showed that the change escalated more rapidly in the CTC-positive group. Furthermore, with the increase in T stage, changes in the survival curve and risk curve escalated more rapidly in the CTC-positive group.

Conclusion: It was confirmed that in the left hemicolon cancer group, a much higher coincidence rate could be found on CTC-positive rate and clinicopathological features, than in the right hemicolon cancer group. The sensitivity of CTCs may be related to the histoembryological location of the tumor, lymphatic metastasis and the depth of infiltration. Monitoring CTCs may have value in evaluating clinical staging and estimating clinical prognosis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S300554DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8197664PMC
June 2021

Enhanced effects and mechanisms of Syngonium podophyllum-Peperomia tetraphylla co-planting on phytoremediation of low concentration uranium-bearing wastewater.

Authors:
Zhang Yue Ding Dexin Li Guangyue Yi Haitao Zhai Kaige Hu Nan Zhang Hui Dai Zhongran Ma Jianhong Li Feng Sun Jing Wang Yongdong

Chemosphere 2021 Sep 18;279:130810. Epub 2021 May 18.

Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Heng Yang, 421001, Hunan, PR China. Electronic address:

To improve the remediation efficiency of plants on low concentration uranium-bearing wastewater and clarify its strengthening mechanism, Syngonium podophyllum-Peperomia tetraphylla co-planting system was established, the enhanced effects of plants interaction on uranium removal were investigated, the chemical forms, valence states, and subcellular distribution of uranium in plants were confirmed, and the mechanisms of alleviating uranium stress by plants interaction were revealed. In Syngonium podophyllum-Peperomia tetraphylla co-planting system, the total amount of ethanol-extracted uranium and deionized water-extracted uranium with higher toxicity in their roots were reduced by 10.30% and 7.17%, respectively, which reduced the toxicity of uranium to plants. Plants interaction can inhibit the reduction of U(VI) in the root of Peperomia tetraphylla, which is conducive to the transport of uranium from roots to shoots. In addition, uranium in plants mainly existed in the cell wall (54.44%-66.52%) and the soluble fraction (23.85%-32.89%). These results indicated that Syngonium podophyllum and Peperomia tetraphylla co-planting can enhance their effects of uranium removal by alleviating uranium stress with the cell wall immobilization and vacuole compartmentation, improving biomass of plants, increasing bioaccumulation factor and translocation factor of uranium.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130810DOI Listing
September 2021

The relationship between urine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and depressive symptoms in American adults.

Authors:
Liming Zhang Jing Sun Dongfeng Zhang

J Affect Disord 2021 Jun 5;292:227-233. Epub 2021 Jun 5.

Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health of Qingdao University, No.308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266021, China. Electronic address:

Background: Studies have shown that Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were neurotoxic, and PAHs exposure may be related to depressive symptoms. Thus, we conducted this study for further explorations.

Methods: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database of the 2005-2014 cycles were used. The independent variables were urine PAHs metabolites, including 1-hydroxynaphthalene (1-NAP), 2-hydroxynaphthalene (2-NAP), 3-hydroxyfluorene (3-FLU), 2-hydroxyfluorene (2-FLU), 1-hydroxyphenanthrene (1-PHE), and 1-hydroxypyrene (1-PYR). The dependent variable was depressive symptoms according to the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9. Multivariate logistic regression analyses and the restricted cubic splines were used in the analyses.

Results: A total of 7647 adults aged 20 or above were included in the analyses. In the Crude model and Model 1 (adjusted for age and gender), compared with quartile (Q) 1, the risk of depressive symptoms increased in Q4 for all the six PAHs metabolites. However, in Model 2, after adjusted for more covariates, the results were no more significant. In the stratified analysis by gender, in Model 2, the weighted OR (95% CIs) of depressive symptoms were 2.78(1.04,7.38), 3.17(1.23,8.18) for 1-NAP, 2-NAP in Q4 for females, respectively. Besides, a non-linear dose-response relationship was found between 1-NAP, 2-NAP, and depressive symptoms in females, too.

Limitations: Cross-sectional study could not infer causality.

Conclusions: Our study found a positive association between urine PAHs and depressive symptoms in females, and more studies are needed to explore the relationships between PAHs exposure and depressive symptoms in the general adult populations.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.097DOI Listing
June 2021

Ultra-strong bio-glue from genetically engineered polypeptides.

Authors:
Chao Ma Jing Sun Bo Li Yang Feng Yao Sun Li Xiang Baiheng Wu Lingling Xiao Baimei Liu Vladislav S Petrovskii Bin Liu Jinrui Zhang Zili Wang Hongyan Li Lei Zhang Jingjing Li Fan Wang Robert Gӧstl Igor I Potemkin Dong Chen Hongbo Zeng Hongjie Zhang Kai Liu Andreas Herrmann

Nat Commun 2021 06 14;12(1):3613. Epub 2021 Jun 14.

Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

The development of biomedical glues is an important, yet challenging task as seemingly mutually exclusive properties need to be combined in one material, i.e. strong adhesion and adaption to remodeling processes in healing tissue. Here, we report a biocompatible and biodegradable protein-based adhesive with high adhesion strengths. The maximum strength reaches 16.5 ± 2.2 MPa on hard substrates, which is comparable to that of commercial cyanoacrylate superglue and higher than other protein-based adhesives by at least one order of magnitude. Moreover, the strong adhesion on soft tissues qualifies the adhesive as biomedical glue outperforming some commercial products. Robust mechanical properties are realized without covalent bond formation during the adhesion process. A complex consisting of cationic supercharged polypeptides and anionic aromatic surfactants with lysine to surfactant molar ratio of 1:0.9 is driven by multiple supramolecular interactions enabling such strong adhesion. We demonstrate the glue's robust performance in vitro and in vivo for cosmetic and hemostasis applications and accelerated wound healing by comparison to surgical wound closures.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23117-9DOI Listing
June 2021

A side-chain engineering strategy for constructing fluorescent dyes with direct and ultrafast self-delivery to living cells.

Authors:
Lifang Guo Chuanya Li Hai Shang Ruoyao Zhang Xuechen Li Qing Lu Xiao Cheng Zhiqiang Liu Jing Zhi Sun Xiaoqiang Yu

Chem Sci 2019 Dec 4;11(3):661-670. Epub 2019 Dec 4.

Center of Bio & Micro/Nano Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China

Organic fluorescent dyes with excellent self-delivery to living cells are always difficult to find due to the limitation of the plasma membrane having rigorous selectivity. Herein, in order to improve the permeability of dyes, we utilize a side-chain engineering strategy (SCES): adjusting the side-chain length of dyes to fine-tune the adsorption and desorption processes on the membrane-aqueous phase interfaces of the outer and inner leaflets of the plasma membrane. For this, a family of fluorescent derivatives () was prepared by functionalizing a styryl-pyridinium fluorophore with alkyl side-chains containing a different carbon number from 1 to 22. Systematic experimental investigations and simulated calculations demonstrate that the self-delivery rate of with a suitable length side-chain is about 22-fold higher in SiHa cells and 76-fold higher in mesenchymal stem cells than that of unmodified , enabling cell-imaging at an ultralow loading concentration of 1 nM and deep penetration in turbid tissue and . Moreover, the SCES can even endow a membrane-impermeable fluorescent scaffold with good permeability. Further, quantitative research on the relationship between Clog  and cell permeability shows that when Clog  is in the range of 1.3-2.5, dyes possess optimal permeability. Therefore, this work not only systematically reports the effect of side-chain length on dye delivery for the first time, but also provides some ideal fluorescent probes. At the same time, it gives a suitable Clog  range for efficient cellular delivery, which can serve as a guide for designing cell-permeant dyes. In a word, all the results reveal that the SCES is an effective strategy to dramatically improve dye permeability.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9sc05875cDOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8145637PMC
December 2019

Enhanced antimicrobial activity of konjac glucomannan nanocomposite films for food packaging.

Authors:
Yongsheng Ni Jing Sun Jianlong Wang

Carbohydr Polym 2021 Sep 16;267:118215. Epub 2021 May 16.

College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China. Electronic address:

This paper aims at providing a new strategy for developing konjac glucomannan-based antibacterial films with excellent performances. Here, novel nanocomposite films based on photodynamic and photothermal synergism strategy were developed by incorporating graphite carbon nitride nanosheets/MoS nanodots (CNMo) into konjac glucomannan (KGM) matrix. Scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, high resolution transmission, high angle annular dark field and element mapping confirmed the successful fabrication of CNMo. The steady and dynamic rheological behavior as well as the good stability of film-forming solution showed that the intermolecular hydrogen bonding was formed. The influences of CNMo content on the structural, mechanical and thermal properties as well as hydrophobicity of KGM films were investigated. This film has a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. It could prolong the shelf life of cherry tomatoes. Moreover, hemolysis and cells experiment confirm that this film is safe. This strategy is expected to broaden the application of antibacterial packaging.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118215DOI Listing
September 2021

Liver-specific Nrf2 deficiency accelerates ethanol-induced lethality and hepatic injury in vivo.

Authors:
Jing Sun Zhixuan Hong Shuai Shao Lu Li Bei Yang Yongyong Hou Huihui Wang Yuanyuan Xu Qiang Zhang Jingbo Pi Jingqi Fu

Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021 Jun 8;426:115617. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China. Electronic address:

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality from liver disorders. Various mechanisms, including oxidative stress and impaired lipid metabolism, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of ALD. Our previous studies showed that nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) is a master regulator of adaptive antioxidant response and lipid metabolism by using a liver-specific Nrf2 knockout (Nrf2(L)-KO) mouse model. In the current study, an ALD model was developed by a Lieber-DeCarli liquid-based ethanol diet given to this Nrf2(L)-KO mouse strain. We found that Nrf2(L)-KO mice were quite sensitive to lethality from 6.3% ethanol diet. We thus decreased the ethanol concentration to 4.2% to obtain tissues to analyze the role of hepatic Nrf2 in the development of ALD. We found that mild hepatic steatosis occurred with both liquid control and 4.2% ethanol diet feeding, which contain 35% fat. Both the fatty acid β-oxidation marker peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor α (PPARα), and lipogenesis regulator PPARγ were reduced with ethanol feeding in Nrf2(L)-KO mice, compared to Nrf2 floxed control mice (Nrf2-LoxP). However, Nrf2(L)-KO livers showed more cell injury than the livers of Nrf2-LoxP mice. Consistent with these data, there was increased proportion of apoptotic cells in the liver of ethanol-fed Nrf2(L)-KO mice comparing Nrf2-LoxP controls. Mechanistically, Nrf2 mediated expression of ethanol detoxification enzymes, such as alcohol dehydrogenase 1 and aldehyde dehydrogenase1a1, likely contributed to the sensitivity to ethanol toxicity. In conclusion, hepatic Nrf2 is critical to the development of ALD, particularly the morbidity and liver injury.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2021.115617DOI Listing
June 2021

Multicomponent Reaction for Diastereoselective Synthesis of Spiro[carbazole-3,4'-pyrazoles] and Spiro[carbazole-3,4'-thiazoles].

Authors:
Shao-Cong Zhan Ren-Jie Fang Jing Sun Chao-Guo Yan

J Org Chem 2021 Jun 10. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China.

In the presence of copper sulfate, the three-component reaction of aromatic aldehydes, ethylindole-3-acetate and 4-arylidene-5-methyl-2-phenylpyrazol-3-ones, in refluxing toluene afforded spiro[carbazole-3,4'-pyrazoles] in good yields with high diastereoselectivity. More importantly, the similar CuSO promoted the four-component reaction of two molecular aromatic aldehydes with ethylindole-3-acetate and 5-methyl-2-phenyl-pyrazol-3-one resulted in 2,4-diarylspiro[carbazole-3,4'-pyrazoles] in satisfactory yields. Additionally, CuSO promoted the four-component reaction of two molecular aromatic aldehydes, ethylindole-3-acetate and 2-phenylthiazol-4-one, in refluxing toluene gave 2,4-diarylspiro[carbazole-3,4'-thiazoles] with diastereomeric ratios in the range of 3:1 to 20:1.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.1c00538DOI Listing
June 2021

Liquid Crystal-Mediated 3D Printing Process to Fabricate Nano-Ordered Layered Structures.

Authors:
Ali Rouhollah Jalili Alexandra Satalov Sahar Nazari Bryan Harry Rahmat Suryanto Jing Sun Mohammad Bagher Ghasemian Mohannad Mayyas Ahmad E Kandjani Ylias M Sabri Edwin Mayes Suresh K Bhargava Jun Araki Cécile Zakri Philippe Poulin Dorna Esrafilzadeh Rose Amal

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021 Jun 10;13(24):28627-28638. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia.

The emergence of three-dimensional (3D) printing promises a disruption in the design and on-demand fabrication of smart structures in applications ranging from functional devices to human organs. However, the scale at which 3D printing excels is within macro- and microlevels and principally lacks the spatial ordering of building blocks at nanolevels, which is vital for most multifunctional devices. Herein, we employ liquid crystal (LC) inks to bridge the gap between the nano- and microscales in a single-step 3D printing. The LC ink is prepared from mixtures of LCs of nanocellulose whiskers and large sheets of graphene oxide, which offers a highly ordered laminar organization not inherently present in the source materials. LC-mediated 3D printing imparts the fine-tuning required for the design freedom of architecturally layered systems at the nanoscale with intricate patterns within the 3D-printed constructs. This approach empowered the development of a high-performance humidity sensor composed of self-assembled lamellar organization of NC whiskers. We observed that the NC whiskers that are flat and parallel to each other in the laminar organization allow facile mass transport through the structure, demonstrating a significant improvement in the sensor performance. This work exemplifies how LC ink, implemented in a 3D printing process, can unlock the potential of individual constituents to allow macroscopic printing architectures with nanoscopic arrangements.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.1c05025DOI Listing
June 2021

A novel multiplex of 12 multicopy Y-STRs for forensic application.

Authors:
Lei Shang Guangshu Ding Xiaoting Mo Jing Sun Hui Sun Zhengliang Yu Wanshui Li

J Forensic Sci 2021 Jun 10. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

National Engineering Laboratory for Forensic Science, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Crime Scene Evidence Examination, Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China.

Y chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) have been applied overwhelmingly in forensic areas for solving paternity identification and sexual assault cases. Yet the widely used Y-STR kits contain mostly single-copy markers, which may restrict the discrimination power. Here, a novel Y-STR multiplex was developed and validated in order to complement the currently available Y-STR kits, especially on differentiating male relatives. The assay includes twelve multicopy Y-STR loci (DYF371, DYF383S1, DYS385, DYF387S1, DYS389I/II, DYF399S1, DYF404S1, DYF409S1, DYF411S1, DYS464, DYS526, DYS527; four of them are rapidly mutating ones), 1 single-copy Y-STR (DYS391), and Amelogenin, and was optimized to amplify at annealing temperature of 59°C and 28 cycles. Validation studies show that full profiles are obtained with 0.125 ng of male DNA. The system is capable of overcoming high concentrations of inhibitors such as hematin, EDTA, and humic acid. Besides, the results demonstrate good sizing precision and the ability to detect male-specific profiles in male/female DNA mixtures at a ratio of 1:800. Excellent species specificity was also observed in microorganisms and non-primates, while detectable peaks were found in some primates. Based on published genetic data, gene diversity values were above 0.7 for most of the loci in our multiplex, inferring a high capacity in discriminating unrelated and related male individuals. The kit is of great potential for forensic application.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.14774DOI Listing
June 2021

An ionic covalent organic framework for rapid extraction of polar organic acids from environmental waters.

Authors:
Jing Sun Fang Xue Cui-Ling Gao Lei Li Hai-Long Jiang Ru-Song Zhao Jin-Ming Lin

Anal Methods 2021 Jun 10. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China.

An ionic covalent organic framework ([email protected]) as a polar adsorbent was synthesized and characterized. It was applied in the magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) of four polar organic acids, namely, 2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)propionic acid, 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxy acetic acid, naphthyloxyacetic acid, and naphthylacetic acid. The organic acids were detected by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet analysis (HPLC-UV). A method for the determination of organic acids based on MSPE-HPLC-UV was established. The method shows good linear regression (R2 ≥ 0.9950), high precision (1.53-3.80%, n = 6), and low detection limit (0.10-0.49 ng mL-1). The recovery rate of environmental water samples ranges from 73.3% to 101.0%. This method provides a possibility for high sensitivity analysis of polar organic acids.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ay00679gDOI Listing
June 2021

Highly Fluorescent Cadmium Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for Rapid Detection of Antibiotic Residues, Fe and CrO Ions.

Authors:
Mingyue Fan Bo Sun Xiao Li Qingqing Pan Jing Sun Pengfei Ma Zhongmin Su

Inorg Chem 2021 Jun 7;60(12):9148-9156. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China.

Here, two novel 3D Cd(II)-MOFs, [Cd··()·2DMF] and [(CdO)··] (denoted as and , = 9,10-bis(-benzimidazolyl)-anthracene, = 1,3,5-tris(4-carboxyphenyl) benzene, = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid, CUST = Changchun University of Science and Technology), were synthesized by solvothermal conditions. Both and are 3D (3,8)-c topological nets with the same point symbol of {4}{4·6·8}. PXRD and TGA analyses prove that and have good structural stability and thermal stability. On the basis of the high fluorescence characteristics, the results of fluorescence sensing experiments show that and can be used as multifunctional chemical sensors to achieve rapid fluorescence quenching response to antibiotic residues, Fe and CrO ions at a much lower concentration. Furthermore, the possible mechanisms of fluorescence quenching in the sensing process were systematically studied by PXRD, UV-vis, fluorescence decay lifetime, and density functional theory.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01165DOI Listing
June 2021

The Value of Blood Urea Nitrogen in the Prediction of Risks of Cardiovascular Disease in an Older Population.

Authors:
Qin Lan Liang Zheng Xiaohui Zhou Hong Wu Nicholas Buys Zhongmin Liu Jing Sun Huimin Fan

Front Cardiovasc Med 2021 20;8:614117. Epub 2021 May 20.

Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.

High blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is associated with adverse outcomes in patients with cardiac disease risks. However, no study has explored whether BUN can predict the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the healthy older population. This study aims to explore the incidence and risk factors of CVD among a healthy older population community in China. This study was designed as a cohort study with a 4-year follow-up. We recruited 5,000 older people among 137,625 residents of the Gaohang community. In the baseline, subjects were asked to participate in medical screening and biological tests, and answered survey questions. During the follow-up period (2014-2017), the researchers regularly tested the subjects' indicators and assessment scales. We monitored the occurrence of CVD and explored the relationship between BUN and CVD via a Cox regression analysis. During the follow-up, subjects were newly diagnosed with CVD including heart failure (HF), heart disease events, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and kidney disease. The Cox regression analysis found an association between baseline BUN and incident CVD in female subjects, with higher BUN associated with increased risk of AF in females and kidney disease in both male and females. No association was found between BUN and CVD in male subjects. Current results indicate that BUN is a valuable predictive biomarker of CVD. A higher BUN level (>13.51 mg/dL) is associated with an increased occurrence of HF but a decreased occurrence of diabetes and metabolic symptoms in normal older females.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2021.614117DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8173137PMC
May 2021

A mutation in CsHY2 encoding a phytochromobilin (PΦB) synthase leads to an elongated hypocotyl 1(elh1) phenotype in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.).

Authors:
Liangliang Hu Peng Liu Zhuoshuai Jin Jing Sun Yiqun Weng Peng Chen Shengli Du Aimin Wei Yuhong Li

Theor Appl Genet 2021 Jun 6. Epub 2021 Jun 6.

College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.

Key Message: The elongated hypocotyl1 (elh1) mutant in cucumber is due to a mutation in CsHY2, which is a homolog of the Arabidopsis HY2 encoding the phytochromobilin (PΦB) synthase for phytochrome biosynthesis Hypocotyl length is a critical determinant in establishing high quality seedlings for successful cucumber production, but knowledge on the molecular regulation of hypocotyl growth in cucumber is very limited. Here, we reported identification and characterization of a cucumber elongated hypocotyl 1 (elh1) mutant. We found that the longer hypocotyl in elh1 was due to longitudinal growth of hypocotyl cells. With fine mapping, the elh1 locus was delimited to a 20.9-kb region containing three annotated genes; only one polymorphism was identified in this region between two parental lines, which was a non-synonymous SNP (G28153633A) in the third exon of CsHY2 (CsGy1G030000) that encodes a phytochromobilin (PΦB) synthase. Uniqueness of the mutant allele at CsHY2 was verified in natural cucumber populations. Ectopic expression of CsHY2 in Arabidopsis hy2-1 long-hypocotyl mutant led to reduced hypocotyl length. The PΦB protein was targeted to the chloroplast. The expression levels of CsHY2 and five phytochrome genes CsPHYA1, CsPHYA2, CsPHYB, CsPHYC and CsPHYE were all significantly down-regulated while several cell elongation related genes were up-regulated in elh1 mutant compared to wild-type cucumber, which are correlated with dynamic hypocotyl elongation in the mutant. RNA-seq analysis in the WT and mutant revealed differentially expressed genes involved in porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolisms, cell elongation and plant hormone signal transduction pathways. This is the first report to characterize and clone the CsHY2 gene in cucumber. This work reveals the important of CsHY2 in regulating hypocotyl length and extends our understanding of the roles of CsHY2 in cucumber.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00122-021-03849-4DOI Listing
June 2021

MLH1 Exon 12 Gene Deletion Leading to Lynch Syndrome: A Case Report.

Authors:
Shiyun Cui Xiao Zhang Ruihan Zou Fan Ye Yutong Wang Jing Sun

Oncol Res Treat 2021 Jun 4:1-7. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.

Introduction: Deleterious heterozygous mutation of the MLH1 gene is an important cause of Lynch syndrome (LS), an autosomal dominant cancer caused by functional defects in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) complex.

Case Report: The proband was a 35-year-old patient with confirmed colorectal cancer (CRC). Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining revealed the absence of MLH1 and PMS2 expression in the colorectal tissue specimens of the patient. Genetic counselling and tumor gene testing were performed using next-generation sequencing technology. The genetic tumor verification report showed the deletion of 4 bases in exon 12 of the tested MLH1 gene and a transcoding mutation. To our knowledge, this germline splice site mutation of MLH1 has not been reported before. The proband accepted several therapeutic regimens including PD-1 inhibitor and ultimately died of multiple organ failure.

Conclusion: Nonsense mutations and frameshift mutations of MMR genes are the most common causes of LS. Common mutations include those in MSH2, MLH1, MSH6, and PMS2. We report a mutation of MLH1 that has never been reported before. We recommend that patients with a history of colon or rectal cancer receive universal MMR or MSI testing and checkpoint inhibitor therapy for the first-line treatment of deficient MMR CRC.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000516659DOI Listing
June 2021

Visible light responsive, self-activated bionanocomposite films with sustained antimicrobial activity for food packaging.

Authors:
Yongsheng Ni Shuo Shi Min Li Liang Zhang Chengyuan Yang Ting Du Shaochi Wang Hongqing Nie Jing Sun Wentao Zhang Jianlong Wang

Food Chem 2021 May 25;362:130201. Epub 2021 May 25.

College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China. Electronic address:

The research on a new type of low-cost, less-loss and adjustable sustained antibacterial activity food packaging films with self-activation ability and great industrialization potentiality is of great scientific and technological interest. Herein, a novel chitosan/negatively charged graphitic carbon nitride self-activation bionanocomposite films was prepared by one-step electrostatic self-assembly. First, the antibacterial efficiency of this film could reach to 99.8 ± 0.26% against E. coli and 99.9 ± 0.04% against S. aureus through self-activated under visible light. Second, this film can effectively extend the shelf life of tangerines to 24 days. Hemolysis and cell experiment test proved that this film was safe and nontoxic. Finally, negatively charged graphitic carbon nitride with low-cost can improve the mechanical, thermal and hydrophobic properties of neat chitosan films. This work can provide a new pathway for the preparation of low-cost packaging films with excellent visible light responsive property and sustainable antibacterial activity.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130201DOI Listing
May 2021

Pharmacokinetic, efficacy and safety evaluation of B-domain-deleted recombinant FVIII (SCT800) for prophylactic treatment in adolescent and adult patients with severe haemophilia A.

Authors:
Feng Xue Xielan Zhao Jing Sun Xiaojing Zeng Fenge Yang Ming Xu Ziqiang Yu Weiying Gu Ying Feng Wenqian Li Changcheng Zheng Hui Bi Liangzhi Xie Wenlin Gai Renchi Yang

Haemophilia 2021 Jun 5. Epub 2021 Jun 5.

State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin Laboratory of Blood Disease Gene Therapy, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Tianjin, China.

Introduction: SCT800 is a recombinant human B-domain-deleted coagulation factor VIII (BDDrFVIII) developed in China.

Aim: To evaluate the repeat pharmacokinetics (PKs), efficacy, and safety of SCT800 in previously treated Chinese adolescent and adult patients with severe haemophilia A.

Methods: A phase III, multicentre, prospective, open-label, single-arm trial was conducted at 12 medical centres. Subjects received treatment for 24 weeks. PKs were assessed at the initial and repeated dosing 24 weeks later. The primary endpoint was annualized bleeding rate (ABR). Breakthrough bleeding episodes and inhibitor development were assessed.

Results: A total of 71 of 73 patients completed the study, and 18 were enrolled for the repeat PK investigation. Total exposure was 5643 exposure days. Overall, SCT800 showed comparable repeat PK profiles. The total ABR was 2.82 (95% confidence interval 2.01-3.96). During prophylaxis, 43.8% of patients had no bleeding episodes. The majority (89.4%) of bleeding episodes were controlled with 1-2 injections of SCT800, the success rate (defined as 'excellent' or 'good' haemostatic response) for the treatment of bleeding episodes was 92.6%. The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was 53.4%. Drug-related AE incidence was 4.1%. The observed AEs were similar to those of other coagulation factor VIII, but lower in frequency. No subject developed an inhibitor, and no other safety concerns were identified.

Conclusions: SCT800 has robust PK characteristics, and is safe and efficacious for the prophylaxis and treatment of bleeding episodes in previously treated adolescent and adult patients with severe haemophilia A.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hae.14350DOI Listing
June 2021

Mitomycin C Inhibits Esophageal Fibrosis by Regulating Cell Apoptosis and Autophagy via lncRNA-ATB and miR-200b.

Authors:
Yin Zhang Qinge Wang Yuping Xu Jing Sun Yanbo Ding Li Wang Bingfang Chen Kewen Sun Jianping Chen

Front Mol Biosci 2021 17;8:675757. Epub 2021 May 17.

Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China.

Benign esophageal strictures (BESs) frequently results from esophageal fibrosis. The transformation of fibroblasts into fibrocyte is an important cause of fibrosis. The treatment of fibrosis is challenging. Some previous studies have indicated the antifibrotic effect of mitomycin C (MMC). However, the mechanism of action of MMC and its optimal dose for treatment remains unclear. In the present study, the role of MMC in fighting fibrosis and its mechanism was investigated. Human esophageal fibroblast cells (HEFs)were treated without or with MMC, at 2, 5, 10 μg/ml, combining with mimic lncRNA-ATB, miR-200b inhibitor, rapamycin (RAPA), and 3-Methyladenine (3-MA). The cell viability, and cell apoptosis were evaluated. In addition, expression of apoptosis related proteins (caspase8 and caspase3), autophagy related proteins (LC3II and ATG5) and fibrosis related proteins (α-SMA collagen-1 and TGF-β) were also evaluated. Furthermore, autophagosome was observed by transmission electron microscope. Results showed that the expression of lncRNA-ATB was down-regulated and miR-200b was up-regulated after treated with MMC. And MMC induced cell apoptosis and inhibited cell autophagy. On the other hand, RAPA, mimic lncRNA-ATB and miR-200b inhibitor reduced fibrogenic effect of MMC on HEFs. Collectively, this study suggests that MMC inhibited esophageal fibrosis by regulating cell apoptosis and autophagy via downregulating lncRNA-ATB and upregulating miR-200b.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2021.675757DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8165251PMC
May 2021

Platelets: The Emerging Clinical Diagnostics and Therapy Selection of Cancer Liquid Biopsies.

Authors:
Yiming Meng Jing Sun Yang Zheng Guirong Zhang Tao Yu Haozhe Piao

Onco Targets Ther 2021 25;14:3417-3428. Epub 2021 May 25.

Department of Central Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning province Cancer Hospital, Shenyang, 110042, People's Republic of China.

Due to the inherent molecular heterogeneity of metastatic tumours and the dynamic evolution ability of tumour genomes, tumour tissues obtained through biopsy and other methods cannot capture all of the features of tumour genomes. A new diagnostic concept called "liquid biopsy" has received widespread attention in recent years. Liquid biopsy has changed the clinical practice of oncology and is widely used to guide targeted drug utilization, monitor disease progression and track drug resistance. The latest research subject in liquid biopsy is platelets. Platelets originate from multifunctional haematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow haematopoietic system. They are small cells from the cytoplasm of bone marrow megakaryocytes. Their main physiological functions are to participate in the processes of physiological haemostasis and coagulation. Tumour cells transfer biomolecules (such as RNA) to platelets through direct contact and release of exosomes, which changes the platelet precursor RNA. Under the stimulation of tumour cells and the tumour microenvironment, platelet precursor mRNA is spliced into mature RNA and converted into functional protein to respond to external stimuli, forming tumour-educated platelets (TEPs). The detection of TEPs in the peripheral blood of patients is expected to be used in clinical tumour diagnosis. This emerging liquid biopsy method can replace and supplement the current tumour detection methods. Further research on the role of platelets in tumour diagnosis will help provide a novel theoretical basis for clinical tumour diagnosis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/OTT.S311907DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8164876PMC
May 2021

Mechanism of Action of Nicotiflorin from in the Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction: From Network Pharmacology to Experimental Pharmacology.

Authors:
Shangshang Yu Qi Guo Tianqian Jia Xiaofei Zhang Dongyan Guo Yanzhuo Jia Jia Li Jing Sun

Drug Des Devel Ther 2021 24;15:2179-2191. Epub 2021 May 24.

Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, People's Republic of China.

Purpose: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a cardiovascular disease with a high fatality rate. In this study, we combined network pharmacology and experimental pharmacology and discovered the potential mechanism of action and the active ingredients of the lily, was discovered. The monomer compound with stronger activity was discovered through in vitro cell experiments.

Methods: Forty known compounds were isolated from . Using TCMSP, Swiss Target Prediction, metaTarFisher, GeneCards and OMIM databases, targets of drug compositions and AMI-related genes were obtained, and the differential expression genes between AMI and normal tissues were extracted through the GEO database. Then, through an online mapping tool, the intersection genes were obtained to predict the possible effective components of that can be used to treat AMI. The top five targets were selected for molecular docking via the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network to verify the binding activity between key compounds and target proteins. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of the intersection genes were carried out with the program R to further screen key genes and effective compositions. On this basis, the compound with more optimal activity was screened and validated in vitro.

Results: In this study, 40 known monomer components were selected, and 1112 predicted genes, 1655 disease genes, 1425 differentially expressed genes, 1206 GO functions and 127 KEGG pathways were obtained. The results of molecular docking showed that the binding of MMP9 with drug components is stable. Through the comprehensive research of network pharmacology and experimental pharmacology, it was shown that intervenes in the process of AMI through multicomponent, multitarget, and multichannel synergistic effects. It is speculated that the anti-AMI effect may be related to the regulation of the Akt/FoxO/BCl signaling pathway. Cellular experiments showed that nicotiflorin has satisfactory anti-inflammatory activity and endothelial protection and can reduce the release of nitric oxide (NO), an inflammatory medium after endothelial cell damage.

Conclusion: This study reveals the therapeutic effect and relative mechanism of extract of extract on AMI. Analysis revealed that nicotiflorin from is a compound with satisfactory anti-inflammatory activity and endothelial protection, which provides a new direction and treatment basis for further experimental exploration and clinical treatment.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S302617DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8164440PMC
May 2021

[Nutrition status of pregnant women and lactating mothers in rural areas of four counties in Guizhou and Henan Provinces].

Authors:
Lijuan Wang Di Chen Yanbin Tang Jing Sun Junsheng Huo Jian Huang

Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 2021 May;50(3):382-388

National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100050, China.

Objective: To analyze the levels of serum ferritin(SF), transferrin receptor(sTfR), vitamin D(VD), folate(FOL), vitamin B_(12)(VB_(12)) and homocysteine(Hcy) of pregnant women and lactating mothers in rural areas, aiming to evaluate the nutritional status of pregnant women and lactating mothers.

Methods: By using a cluster sampling method, the subjects were the pregnant women at 10-20 weeks& apos; gestation and lactating mothers at 42±7 days& apos; postpartum who have been to the maternal and children health hospital in the county for examination from August 2019 to March 2020. SF, VD, VB_(12) and FOL concentrations were determined using the chemiluminescence assay. Hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hsCRP) and sTfR levels were determined using the immunoturbidimetry assay. Hcy levels were determined using the enzymatic assay. The rates of iron, vitamin D, folic acid, VB_(12) deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia(HHcy) were calculated.

Results: There were 1050 pregnant women and 309 lactating mothers involved. The levels of ferritin and sTfR were 49. 6(47. 1-52. 3) ng/mL and 2. 51(2. 46-2. 56) mg/L for the pregnant women, and 51. 0(46. 6-55. 9) ng/mL and 3. 53(3. 40-3. 67) mg/L for the lactating mother, respectively. The prevalence of iron deficiency in lactating mothers was significantly higher than the pregnant women(33. 0% vs. 24. 7%). The levels of VD were 17. 0(16. 6-17. 4) ng/mL for pregnant women and 16. 7(16. 0-17. 4) ng/mL for lactating mothers. The prevalence of VD deficiency was 64. 5% and 68. 9%, respectively. The level of FOL for pregnant women was significantly higher than the lactating mothers(11. 3(10. 9-11. 7)vs. 5. 7(5. 3-6. 1) ng/mL). The levels of VB_(12) for pregnant women was significantly lower than the lactating mother(282. 7(276. 1-289. 5) vs. 437. 7(418. 7-457. 6) pg/mL). The levels of Hcy for pregnant women was significantly lower than the lactating mother(7. 1(7. 0-7. 3) vs. 10. 5(10. 0-10. 9) μmol/L). The prevalence of FOL deficiency, VB_(12) deficiency and HHcy were 5. 0%, 17. 2% and 5. 0% for pregnant women and 29. 8%, 2. 3% and 27. 8% for lactating mothers, which were significant different between pregnant women and lactating mothers(P& lt; 0. 05). Among the four nutrients including iron, VD, folate and VB_(12), 75. 8% of pregnant women were deficient in at least one nutrient and 28. 1% were deficient in at least two nutrients. 81. 9% of lactating mothers were deficient in at least one nutrient and 41. 4% were deficient in at least two nutrients.

Conclusion: There were various degrees of nutrient deficiency. Iron deficiency rates were high and VD deficiency were severe in both pregnant women and lactating mothers. In addition, the rates of folate deficiency and HHcy were high in lactating mothers in rural areas.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2021.03.006DOI Listing
May 2021

[Prevalence of anemia in infants and children aged 6-23 months at different altitudes in poverty-stricken areas in China].

Authors:
Jing Liu Junsheng Huo Jing Sun Weiyi Gong Jian Huang Ou Wang

Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 2021 May;50(3):377-381

National Instutue for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.

Objective: To describe the hemoglobin and prevalence of anemia among 6-23 months infants at different elevations in poor rural areas in China.

Methods: The monitoring data in the year 2018 from the Children Nutrition Improvement Project in Poor Areas of China was used for the analysis, which covered 19 provinces and 42 938 infants of 6-23 months. Hemoglobin was tested by Hemoque method with blood drop from finger tips. The altitude of the residence regions was divided into eight parts. Analysis of variance was used to compare the mean values among the altitude groups, and chi-square test was used to compare the prevalence of anaemia.

Results: The data from 42 938 6-23 months infants was under analysis, among them 22 207(51.7%)were boys and 20 731(48.4%)girls. 27 208(63.4%)infants and children were located in the areas under 1000 meters whose average hemoglobin was 11.8 g/dL and the prevalence of anemia was 18.7%. There were 15 730(36.6%)infants living in areas higher than 1000 meters. The anemia rate ranged from 31.3% to 83.6% in all aged groups when altitude& gt; 2500 m that were noticeable higher than that of lower altitude regions. With the increase of altitude, the adjusted anemic rate showed an obvious upward trend. 6-11 months infants showed higher anemia rate compared with other groups.

Conclusion: The incidence of anemia among children aged 6 to 23 months in poor areas of China is severe, among which infants living at an altitude of more than 2500 meters have a higher prevalence of anemia.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2021.03.005DOI Listing
May 2021

[Study on infant and young children complementary feeding in poor rural regions in China].

Authors:
Weiyi Gong Jing Sun Junsheng Huo Jian Huang Ou Wang Tiantong Li Ran Niu Suying Chang

Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 2021 May;50(3):372-394

United Nations Children' Fund, Beijing 100600, China.

Objective: To analyze complementary feeding status and issues among 6-23 month infants and young children(IYC) in poor rural regions in China to figure out actions further IYC nutrition in China.

Methods: Using 2018 monitoring data from Project of Children Nutrition Improvement in Poor Rural Regions, 6-23 months infants were sampled with the method of a combination of provincial stratification, multi-stage stratified cluster, PPS and random equidistant. Complementary feeding practices were collected by 24 hours diet recall method and and parental knowledge on IYC feeding was collected by KAP questionnaire. Complementary diet was analyzed according to the World Health Organization& apos; s definition of infant and young child feeding indicators. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of minimum acceptable diet(MAD).

Results: A total of 40 910 infants(boys 21 153, girls 19 757) completed the survey. The proportion of infants 6-8 months of age who receive solid, semi-solid foods was 83.8%, the percentage of IYC who get minimum dietary diversity(MDD), minimum meal frequency(MMF), and MAD was 67.8%, 71.4% and 39.7%, respectively. The age of months, mother& apos; s educational level and parent& apos; s nutrition and feeding knowledge had significant impact on the outcome of MAD. The OR for month& apos; s age were 1.990 and 1.905(P& lt; 0.001), OR for mother education level was 1. 545(P& lt; 0.001) and OR for parent knowledge were 1.114 and 1.346(P& lt; 0.001).

Conclusion: Complementary feeding practices were poor in terms of the proportion of infants 6-8 months of age who introduced complementary foods, MDD, MMF and MAD in poor region of China.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2021.03.004DOI Listing
May 2021