Publications by authors named "Feng Jiang"

1,119 Publications

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High-Throughput Detection of Multiple miRNAs and Methylated DNA by Droplet Digital PCR.

Authors:
Ning Li Pushpa Dhilipkannah Feng Jiang

J Pers Med 2021 Apr 29;11(5). Epub 2021 Apr 29.

Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 10 S. Pine St., Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.

Altered miRNA expression and DNA methylation have highly active and diverse roles in carcinogenesis. Simultaneous detection of the molecular aberrations may have a synergistic effect on the diagnosis of malignancies. Herein, we develop a high-throughput assay for detecting multiple miRNAs and DNA methylation using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) coupled with a 96-microwell plate. The microplate-based ddPCR could absolutely and reproducibly quantify 15 miRNAs and 14 DNA methylation sites with a high sensitivity (one copy/µL and 0.1%, respectively). Analyzing sputum and plasma of 40 lung cancer patients and 36 cancer-free smokers by this approach identified an integrated biomarker panel consisting of two sputum miRNAs (miRs-31-5p and 210-3p), one sputum DNA methylation (RASSF1A), and two plasma miRNAs (miR-21-5p and 126) for the diagnosis of lung cancer with higher sensitivity and specificity compared with a single type of biomarker. The diagnostic value of the integrated biomarker panel for the early detection of lung cancer was confirmed in a different cohort of 36 lung cancer patients and 39 cancer-free smokers. The high-throughput assay for quantification of multiple molecular aberrations across sputum and plasma could improve the early detection of lung cancer.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11050359DOI Listing
April 2021

Infrared spectroscopic imaging study of BV-2 microglia altering tumor cell biological activity and cellular fraction.

Authors:
Jiawei Wang Zhen Zhu Ruyao Li Ruihua Yu Wanli Yang Yaosheng Wang Chao Yang Feng Jiang

Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021 Apr 30;559:129-134. Epub 2021 Apr 30.

Translational Institute for Cancer Pain, Clinical Research and Innovation Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Chongming Branch), Shanghai, 202150, PR China. Electronic address:

Tumor brain metastasis is a severe threat to patients' neurological function, in which microglia may be involved in the process of tumor cell metastasis among nerve cells. Our study focused on the interaction between microglia and breast and lung cancer cells. Changes in the proliferation and migration ability of cocultured tumor cells were examined; synchrotron radiation-based fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy (SR-FTIR) was used to detect changes in the structures and contents of biomolecules within the tumor cells. The experimental results showed that the proliferation and migration ability of tumor cells increased after coculture, and the structures and contents of biological macromolecules in tumor cells changed. The absorption peak positions of the amide Ⅱ and amide Ⅰ bands observed for the four kinds of tumor cells changed, and the absorption intensities were significantly enhanced, indicating changes in the secondary structures and contents of proteins in tumor cells, which may be the root cause of the change in tumor cell characteristics. Therefore, the metabolites of microglia may be involved in the progression of tumor cells in the nervous system. In this study, we focused on the interaction between microglia and tumor cells by using SR-FTIR and provided a new understanding of the mechanism of brain metastasis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.04.095DOI Listing
April 2021

Online Adaptive Prediction of Human Motion Intention Based on sEMG.

Authors:
Zhen Ding Chifu Yang Zhipeng Wang Xunfeng Yin Feng Jiang

Sensors (Basel) 2021 Apr 20;21(8). Epub 2021 Apr 20.

School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150000, China.

Accurate and reliable motion intention perception and prediction are keys to the exoskeleton control system. In this paper, a motion intention prediction algorithm based on sEMG signal is proposed to predict joint angle and heel strike time in advance. To ensure the accuracy and reliability of the prediction algorithm, the proposed method designs the sEMG feature extraction network and the online adaptation network. The feature extraction utilizes the convolution autoencoder network combined with muscle synergy characteristics to get the high-compression sEMG feature to aid motion prediction. The adaptation network ensures the proposed prediction method can still maintain a certain prediction accuracy even the sEMG signals distribution changes by adjusting some parameters of the feature extraction network and the prediction network online. Ten subjects were recruited to collect surface EMG data from nine muscles on the treadmill. The proposed prediction algorithm can predict the knee angle 101.25 ms in advance with 2.36 degrees accuracy. The proposed prediction algorithm also can predict the occurrence time of initial contact 236±9 ms in advance. Meanwhile, the proposed feature extraction method can achieve 90.71±3.42% accuracy of sEMG reconstruction and can guarantee 73.70±5.01% accuracy even when the distribution of sEMG is changed without any adjustment. The online adaptation network enhances the accuracy of sEMG reconstruction of CAE to 87.65±3.83% and decreases the angle prediction error from 4.03∘ to 2.36∘. The proposed method achieves effective motion prediction in advance and alleviates the influence caused by the non-stationary of sEMG.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21082882DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8074390PMC
April 2021

Development and Validation of a RNA Binding Protein-Associated Prognostic Model for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Authors:
Ming Wang Feng Jiang Ke Wei Jimei Wang Guoping Zhou Chuyan Wu Guoyong Yin

Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021 Jan-Dec;20:15330338211004936

Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.

Background: Dysregulation of RNA binding proteins (RBPs) has been identified in multiple malignant tumors correlated with tumor progression and occurrence. However, the function of RBPs is not well understood in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: The RNA sequence data of HCC was extracted out of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and different RBPs were calculated between regular and cancerous tissue. The study explored the expression and predictive value of the RBPs systemically with a series of bioinformatic analyzes.

Results: A total of 330 RBPs, including 208 up-regulated and 122 down-regulated RBPs, were classified differently. Four RBPs (MRPL54, EZH2, PPARGC1A, EIF2AK4) were defined as the forecast related hub gene and used to construct a model for prediction. Further study showed that the high-risk subgroup is poor survived (OS) compared to the model-based low-risk subgroup. The area of the prognostic model under the time-dependent receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve is 0.814 in TCGA training group and 0.729 in validation group, indicating a strong prognostic model. We also created a predictive nomogram and a web-based calculator (https://dxyjiang.shinyapps.io/RBPpredict/) based on the 4 RBPs and internal validation in the TCGA cohort, which displayed a beneficial predictive ability for HCC.

Conclusions: Our results provide new insights into HCC pathogenesis. The 4-RBP gene signature showed a reliable HCC prediction ability with possible applications in therapeutic decision making and personalized therapy.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15330338211004936DOI Listing
April 2021

Separating overlapping bat calls with a bi-directional long short-term memory network.

Authors:
Kangkang Zhang Tong Liu Shengjing Song Xin Zhao Shijun Sun Walter Metzner Jiang Feng Ying Liu

Integr Zool 2021 Apr 21. Epub 2021 Apr 21.

Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.

Acquiring clear acoustic signals is critical for the analysis of animal vocalizations. Bioacoustics studies commonly face the problem of overlapping signals, which can impede the structural identification of vocal units, but there is currently no satisfactory solution. This study presents a bi-directional long short-term memory (BLSTM) network to separate overlapping echolocation-communication calls of six different bat species and reconstruct waveforms. The separation quality was evaluated using seven temporal-spectrum parameters. All the echolocation pulses and syllables of communication calls in the overlapping signals were separated and parameter comparisons showed no significant difference and negligible deviation between the extracted and original calls. Clustering analysis was conducted with separated echolocation calls from each bat species to provide an example of practical application of the separated and reconstructed calls. The result of clustering analysis showed high corrected rand index (82.79%), suggesting the reconstructed waveforms could be reliably used for species classification. These results demonstrate a convenient and automated approach for separating overlapping calls. The study extends the application of deep neural networks to separate overlapping animal sounds. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.12549DOI Listing
April 2021

Vocal performance reflects individual quality in male Himalayan leaf-nosed bats (Hipposideros armiger).

Authors:
Congnan Sun Chunmian Zhang Jeffrey R Lucas Hao Gu Jiang Feng Tinglei Jiang

Integr Zool 2021 Apr 20. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.

Signals containing parameter trade-offs are likely to be honest indicators of signaler quality, because they are difficult to produce. Signals with a trill-rate/bandwidth trade-off have been described for many songbird species, one mouse and one non-human primate species. However, there were no reports about whether there is a vocal performance trade-off in social calls of bats. This study investigated (1) a possible vocal performance trade-off in territorial calls of male Great Himalayan leaf-nosed bats, Hipposideros armiger, recorded from nine locations in south China, and (2) the relationships between vocal performance (vocal deviation and consistency) and caller's quality (body mass) to determine whether vocal performance honestly indicates a caller's quality. Vocal deviation measures the deviation of a call relative to an extreme call and vocal consistency measures the spectral consistency across a string of syllables. Our results showed a significant negative correlation between syllable repetition rate and frequency bandwidth, suggesting a vocal performance trade-off similar to the one in songbirds. Further, there was a significant negative relationship between body mass and vocal deviation, but no significant correlation between body mass and vocal consistency. This study provides the first empirical evidence for a vocal performance trade-off of social calls in bats, and the potential for the level of performance to indicate caller quality. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.12545DOI Listing
April 2021

A case of extramedullary T-lymphoblastic blast crisis as an initial presentation of chronic myelogenous leukemia.

Authors:
Jing-Zhi Shen Yuan Jing Ye Tian Feng Jiang Liang-Liang Ma

Int J Lab Hematol 2021 Apr 18. Epub 2021 Apr 18.

Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijlh.13545DOI Listing
April 2021

Nutritional status and risk of contrast-associated acute kidney injury in elderly patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

Authors:
Xiaoqi Wei Hanchuan Chen Zhebin You Jie Yang Haoming He Chen He Weiping Zheng Kaiyang Lin Feng Jiang

Clin Exp Nephrol 2021 Apr 12. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Department of Geriatric Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Institute of Clinical Geriatrics, Fujian Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the connection between malnutrition evaluated by the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score and the risk of contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) in elderly patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: A total of 1308 patients aged over 75 years undergoing PCI was included. Based on the CONUT score, patients were assigned to normal (0-1), mild malnutrition (2-4), moderate-severe malnutrition group (≥ 5). The primary outcome was CA-AKI (an absolute increase in ≥ 0.3 mg/dL or ≥ 50% relative serum creatinine increase 48 h after contrast medium exposure).

Results: Overall, the incidence of CA-AKI in normal, mild, moderate-severe malnutrition group was 10.8%, 11.0%, and 27.2%, respectively (p < 0.01). Compared with moderate-severe malnutrition group, the normal group and the mild malnutrition group showed significant lower risk of CA-AKI in models adjusting for risk factors for CA-AKI and variables in univariate analysis (odds ratio [OR] = 0.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.26-0.89, p = 0.02; OR = 0.46, 95%CI: 0.26-0.82, p = 0.009, respectively). Furthermore, the relationship were consistent across the subgroups classified by risk factors for CA-AKI except anemia. The risk of CA-AKI related with CONUT score was stronger in patients with anemia. (overall interaction p by CONUT score = 0.012).

Conclusion: Moderate-severe malnutrition is associated with higher risk of CA-AKI in elderly patients undergoing PCI.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10157-021-02061-4DOI Listing
April 2021

SPARC regulates ferroptosis induced by sorafenib in human hepatocellular carcinoma.

Authors:
Hong-Wei Hua Hao-Sheng Jiang Ling Jia Yi-Ping Jia Yu-Lan Yao Yi-Wen Chen Feng Jiang Dong-Qing Lu Qing Zhou Ma-Wei Jiang Gang Ding

Cancer Biomark 2021 Apr 2. Epub 2021 Apr 2.

Oncology Department, Shanghai International Medical Center, Shanghai, China.

Background: Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is implicated in cancer progression, but its role and associated molecular mechanism in the sorafenib sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCC) remains elusive.

Methods: Human HCC cell lines Hep3B and HepG2 were treated with sorafenib alone or combined with activator or inhibitor of ferroptosis. Cell viability assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay and western blot were used to study the regulatory mechanism of SPARC on HCC cells.

Results: Overexpression of SPARC enhanced the cytotoxic effect of sorafenib in Hep3B and HepG2 cells compared with parental cells. Depletion of SPARC decreased the cytotoxic effect of sorafenib in Hep3B and HepG2 cells compared with parental cells. Moreover, overexpression of SPARC significantly induced LDH release, whereas depletion of SPARC suppressed the release of LDH in Hep3B and HepG2 cells. Inhibition of ferroptosis exerted a clear inhibitory role against LDH release, whereas activation of ferroptosis promoted the release of LDH in HCC cells, as accompanied with deregulated expression of ferroptosis-related proteins. Furthermore, overexpression of SPARC induced oxidative stress, whereas depletion of SPARC suppressed the production of ROS. Deferoxamine (DFX)-induced inhibition of ferroptosis suppressed the production of ROS, while activation of ferroptosis promoted the contents of ROS in HCC cells exposed to sorafenib.

Conclusion: Our findings give a better understanding of ferroptosis and its molecular mechanism in HCC cells that is regulated by SPARC in response to sorafenib.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/CBM-200101DOI Listing
April 2021

Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy and Associated Adverse Maternal and Fetal Outcomes: A Retrospective Case-Control Study.

Authors:
Mingjuan Luo Mengyang Tang Feng Jiang Yizhen Jia Robert Kien Howe Chin Wei Liang Hu Cheng

Gastroenterol Res Pract 2021 25;2021:6641023. Epub 2021 Mar 25.

The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000 Guangdong, China.

Objective: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a common pregnancy-related liver disease and is associated with an increased risk of adverse neonatal outcomes. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is the most effective treatment. This study was aimed at investigating the adverse outcomes of ICP and evaluating the effects of treatment with UDCA in patients with ICP.

Methods: We included 114 women with ICP and 3725 women without ICP (no-ICP group) who delivered in our hospital between September 2017 and August 2019. The prevalence of ICP in this study was 3.15%. We matched each woman with ICP to five controls. Of all the 114 women with ICP, 73 (64.04%) received UDCA while 41 (35.96%) did not. Logistic multivariate regression analysis was used to compare the adverse outcomes between those with ICP and matched controls as well as between those who received UDCA (UDCA group) and those who did not (non-UDCA group).

Results: Compared with controls, women with ICP were more likely to have preeclampsia (adjusted odds ratio, aOR = 16.74, 95% CI 5.29-52.98), cesarean section (aOR = 1.76, 95% CI 1.10-2.81), and preterm birth (aOR = 24.35, 95% CI 2.74-216.67). Administration of UDCA reduced the rate of preterm birth (1.37% vs. 14.63%, aOR = 0.10, 95% CI 0.01-0.90).

Conclusion: ICP increased the risk of preeclampsia, cesarean section, and preterm birth. UDCA could reduce the rate of preterm birth.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6641023DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8016576PMC
March 2021

Reference Frame Unification of IMU-Based Joint Angle Estimation: The Experimental Investigation and a Novel Method.

Authors:
Chunzhi Yi Feng Jiang Chifu Yang Zhiyuan Chen Zhen Ding Jie Liu

Sensors (Basel) 2021 Mar 5;21(5). Epub 2021 Mar 5.

AI Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.

Inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based joint angle estimation is an increasingly mature technique that has a broad range of applications in clinics, biomechanics and robotics. However, the deviations of different IMUs' reference frames, referring to IMUs' individual orientations estimating errors, is still a challenge for improving the angle estimation accuracy due to conceptual confusion, relatively simple metrics and the lack of systematical investigation. In this paper, we clarify the determination of reference frame unification, experimentally study the time-varying characteristics of reference frames' deviations and accordingly propose a novel method with a comprehensive metric to unify reference frames. To be specific, we firstly define the reference frame unification (RFU) and distinguish it with drift correction that has always been confused with the term RFU. Secondly, we design a mechanical gimbal-based experiment to study the deviations, where sensor-to-body alignment and rotation-caused differences of orientations are excluded. Thirdly, based on the findings of the experiment, we propose a novel method to utilize the consistency of the joint axis under the hinge-joint constraint, gravity acceleration and local magnetic field to comprehensively unify reference frames, which meets the nonlinear time-varying characteristics of the deviations. The results on ten human subjects reveal the feasibility of our proposed method and the improvement from previous methods. This work contributes to a relatively new perspective of considering and improving the accuracy of IMU-based joint angle estimation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21051813DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7962048PMC
March 2021

Effects of Colonization, Geography and Environment on Genetic Divergence in the Intermediate Leaf-Nosed Bat, .

Authors:
Xiangfeng Meng Tong Liu Lin Zhang Longru Jin Keping Sun Jiang Feng

Animals (Basel) 2021 Mar 8;11(3). Epub 2021 Mar 8.

Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China.

Determining the evolutionary history and population drivers, such as past large-scale climatic oscillations, stochastic processes and ecological adaptations, represents one of the aims of evolutionary biology. is a common bat species in Southern China, including Hainan Island. We examined genetic variation in using mitochondrial DNA and nuclear microsatellites. We found a population structure on both markers with a geographic pattern that corresponds well with the structure on mainland China and Hainan Island. To understand the contributions of geography, the environment and colonization history to the observed population structure, we tested isolation by distance (IBD), isolation by adaptation (IBA) and isolation by colonization (IBC) using serial Mantel tests and RDA analysis. The results showed significant impacts of IBD, IBA and IBC on neutral genetic variation, suggesting that genetic variation in is greatly affected by neutral processes, environmental adaptation and colonization history. This study enriches our understanding of the complex evolutionary forces that shape the distribution of genetic variation in bats.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11030733DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7998825PMC
March 2021

Impact of Prior Digestive System Disease on In-Hospital Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Authors:
Yu Liu Le-Feng Wang Li-Hong Liu Xin-Chun Yang Zheng-Hong Ren Kui-Bao Li Mu-Lei Chen Hong-Shi Wang Jiu-Chang Zhong Li Xu Zhu-Hua Ni Wei-Ming Li Kun Xia Da-Peng Zhang Hao Sun Zong-Sheng Guo Yong-Hui Chi Ji-Fang He Zhi-Yong Zhang Feng Jiang

Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021 22;14:1233-1239. Epub 2021 Mar 22.

Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

Objective: Patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with prior digestive system disease are more likely to suffer from gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding than those without these diseases. However, few articles reported how the different conditions of the digestive tract produced different risks of GI bleeding.

Methods: A single-center study on 7464 patients admitted for AMI from December 2010 to June 2019 in the Beijing Chaoyang Heart Center was retrospectively examined. Patients with major GI bleeding (n = 165) were compared with patients without (n = 7299). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to test the association between GI bleeding and prior diseases of the digestive tract, including gastroesophageal reflux disease, chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, hepatic function damage, diseases of the colon and rectum, and gastroenterological tract tumors.

Results: Of the 7464 patients (mean age, 63.4; women, 25.6%; STEMI, 58.6%), 165 (2.2%) experienced major GI bleeding, and 1816 (24.3%) had a history of digestive system disease. The risk of GI bleeding was significantly associated with peptic ulcer (OR = 4.19, 95% CI: 1.86-9.45) and gastroenterological tumor (OR = 2.74, 95% CI: 1.07-7.04), indicated by multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Conclusion: Preexisting peptic ulcers and gastroenterological tract tumors rather than other digestive system diseases were indicators of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with AMI who undergo standard antithrombotic treatment during hospitalization.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S299169DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7997586PMC
March 2021

Transcription initiation of distant core promoters in a large-sized genome of an insect.

Authors:
Qing Liu Feng Jiang Jie Zhang Xiao Li Le Kang

BMC Biol 2021 Mar 30;19(1):62. Epub 2021 Mar 30.

Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

Background: Core promoters have a substantial influence on various steps of transcription, including initiation, elongation, termination, polyadenylation, and finally, translation. The characterization of core promoters is crucial for exploring the regulatory code of transcription initiation. However, the current understanding of insect core promoters is focused on those of Diptera (especially Drosophila) species with small genome sizes.

Results: Here, we present an analysis of the transcription start sites (TSSs) in the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria, which has a genome size of 6.5 Gb. The genomic differences, including lower precision of transcription initiation and fewer constraints on the distance from transcription factor binding sites or regulatory elements to TSSs, were revealed in locusts compared with Drosophila insects. Furthermore, we found a distinct bimodal log distribution of the distances from the start codons to the core promoters of locust genes. We found stricter constraints on the exon length of mRNA leaders and widespread expression activity of the distant core promoters in locusts compared with fruit flies. We further compared core promoters in seven arthropod species across a broad range of genome sizes to reinforce our results on the emergence of distant core promoters in large-sized genomes.

Conclusions: In summary, our results provide novel insights into the effects of genome size expansion on distant transcription initiation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12915-021-01004-5DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8011201PMC
March 2021

Assessing evidence for adaptive evolution in two hearing-related genes important for high-frequency hearing in echolocating mammals.

Authors:
Hui Wang Hanbo Zhao Yujia Chu Jiang Feng Keping Sun

G3 (Bethesda) 2021 Apr;11(4)

Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China.

High-frequency hearing is particularly important for echolocating bats and toothed whales. Previously, studies of the hearing-related genes Prestin, KCNQ4, and TMC1 documented that adaptive evolution of high-frequency hearing has taken place in echolocating bats and toothed whales. In this study, we present two additional candidate hearing-related genes, Shh and SK2, that may also have contributed to the evolution of echolocation in mammals. Shh is a member of the vertebrate Hedgehog gene family and is required in the specification of the mammalian cochlea. SK2 is expressed in both inner and outer hair cells, and it plays an important role in the auditory system. The coding region sequences of Shh and SK2 were obtained from a wide range of mammals with and without echolocating ability. The topologies of phylogenetic trees constructed using Shh and SK2 were different; however, multiple molecular evolutionary analyses showed that those two genes experienced different selective pressures in echolocating bats and toothed whales compared to nonecholocating mammals. In addition, several nominally significant positively selected sites were detected in the nonfunctional domain of the SK2 gene, indicating that different selective pressures were acting on different parts of the SK2 gene. This study has expanded our knowledge of the adaptive evolution of high-frequency hearing in echolocating mammals.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/g3journal/jkab069DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8049434PMC
April 2021

Detection and staging of recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the era of FDG PET/MR.

Authors:
Yongfeng Piao Caineng Cao Yuanfan Xu Shuang Huang Feng Jiang Ting Jin Qifeng Jin Yonghong Hua Qiaoying Hu Xiaozhong Chen

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2021 Mar 29. Epub 2021 Mar 29.

Department of Radiation Oncology, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

Purpose: The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the accuracy of 18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/MR imaging in detection and staging of recurrent or metastatic NPC.

Patients And Methods: The PET/MR scans of 60 patients with clinically diagnosed recurrent or metastatic NPC between April 2017 and November 2019 were included in this study. Findings were evaluated according to the eighth edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system. Final diagnosis was confirmed at biopsy or imaging follow-up for at least 6 months.

Results: Of the 60 patients, 25, 26 and 42 had developed local lesions, regional nodal metastases and distant metastases, respectively. The overall accuracy of PET/MR imaging for staging of recurrent or metastatic NPC was 88.3%.

Conclusions: For recurrent or metastatic NPC, 18 FDG PET/MRI might serve as a single-step staging modality.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00405-021-06779-5DOI Listing
March 2021

A Simple-to-Use Nomogram for Predicting Survival in Children with Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Authors:
Feng Jiang Xiang Yu Chuyan Wu Ming Wang Ke Wei Jimei Wang Guoping Zhou

Biomed Res Int 2021 11;2021:7264623. Epub 2021 Mar 11.

Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.

Background: The research analyzed a group of patients to develop a statistical nomogram and a web-based survival rate predictor for the comprehensive estimate of the overall survival (OS) of children with acute myeloid leukemia.

Methods: Between 1999 to 2015, we used the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) database to evaluate and randomly divide 440 children diagnosed with AML into the population of training ( = 309) and validation ( = 131). The analysis of Lasso Cox was used to identify separate predictive variables. We have used essential forecasting considerations to construct a nomogram and a web-based calculator focused on Cox regression analysis. Nomogram validation was tested through discrimination and calibration.

Results: Compared to the multivariate training cohort models, a nomogram integrating gender, age of diagnose, WBC at diagnosis, bone marrow leukemic blast percentage, and chromosomal abnormalities [(8; 21), inv(16)] were designed for the prediction of OS. We also developed a predictive survival nomogram and a web-based calculator. C-indexes validated internally and checked externally were 0.747 and 0.716. The calibration curves have shown that the nomogram might accurately forecast 3-year and 5-year OS.

Conclusions: A nomogram effectively predicts survival in children with AML. This prognostic model can be used in clinical practice.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7264623DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7972835PMC
March 2021

The exacerbation of mercury methylation by Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA in a freshwater algae-bacteria symbiotic system throughout the lifetime of algae.

Authors:
Qingxia Zhao Jinting Wang Shenyu OuYang Laiguo Chen Ming Liu Yu Li Feng Jiang

J Hazard Mater 2021 Mar 19;415:125691. Epub 2021 Mar 19.

School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China. Electronic address:

Mine-polluted wastewater with mercury (Hg) poses severe environmental pollution since Hg(II) can be converted to highly neurotoxic methylmercury (MeHg) under anaerobic conditions. Previous studies on Hg methylation have focused on aquatic sediments, but few have investigated the MeHg formation in water layers containing algae. In this study, we investigated the dynamic effect of algae on Hg methylation throughout the lifetime of algae. We found that Chlorella pyrenoidosa was a non-methylating alga and exhibited good tolerance to Hg stress (1-20 μg/L); thus Hg(II) could not inhibit the process of eutrophication. However, the presence of C. pyrenoidosa significantly enhanced the Hg methylation by Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA. Compared to the control sample without algae, the MeHg production rate of algae-bacteria samples remarkably exacerbated by 62.3-188.3% with the algal growth period at cell densities of 1.5 × 10-25 × 10 cells/mL. The increase of algal organic matter and thiols with the algal growth period resulted in the exacerbation of MeHg production. The Hg methylation was also enhanced with the presence of dead algae, of which the enhancement was ~62.4% lower than that with the presence of live algae. Accordingly, the potential mechanism of Hg methylation in a freshwater algae-bacteria symbiotic system throughout the algal lifetime was proposed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125691DOI Listing
March 2021

Phenome-wide investigation of the causal associations between childhood BMI and adult trait outcomes: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Authors:
Shan-Shan Dong Kun Zhang Yan Guo Jing-Miao Ding Yu Rong Jun-Cheng Feng Shi Yao Ruo-Han Hao Feng Jiang Jia-Bin Chen Hao Wu Xiao-Feng Chen Tie-Lin Yang

Genome Med 2021 Mar 26;13(1):48. Epub 2021 Mar 26.

Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Biomedical Informatics & Genomics Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.

Background: Childhood obesity is reported to be associated with the risk of many diseases in adulthood. However, observational studies cannot fully account for confounding factors. We aimed to systematically assess the causal associations between childhood body mass index (BMI) and various adult traits/diseases using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR).

Methods: After data filtering, 263 adult traits genetically correlated with childhood BMI (P < 0.05) were subjected to MR analyses. Inverse-variance weighted, MR-Egger, weighted median, and weighted mode methods were used to estimate the causal effects. Multivariable MR analysis was performed to test whether the effects of childhood BMI on adult traits are independent from adult BMI.

Results: We identified potential causal effects of childhood obesity on 60 adult traits (27 disease-related traits, 27 lifestyle factors, and 6 other traits). Higher childhood BMI was associated with a reduced overall health rating (β = - 0.10, 95% CI - 0.13 to - 0.07, P = 6.26 × 10). Specifically, higher childhood BMI was associated with increased odds of coronary artery disease (OR = 1.09, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.11, P = 4.28 × 10), essential hypertension (OR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.16, P = 1.27 × 10), type 2 diabetes (OR = 1.36, 95% CI 1.30 to 1.43, P = 1.57 × 10), and arthrosis (OR = 1.09, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.12, P = 8.80 × 10). However, after accounting for adult BMI, the detrimental effects of childhood BMI on disease-related traits were no longer present (P > 0.05). For dietary habits, different from conventional understanding, we found that higher childhood BMI was associated with low calorie density food intake. However, this association might be specific to the UK Biobank population.

Conclusions: In summary, we provided a phenome-wide view of the effects of childhood BMI on adult traits. Multivariable MR analysis suggested that the associations between childhood BMI and increased risks of diseases in adulthood are likely attributed to individuals remaining obese in later life. Therefore, ensuring that childhood obesity does not persist into later life might be useful for reducing the detrimental effects of childhood obesity on adult diseases.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13073-021-00865-3DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8004431PMC
March 2021

Bi-direction effects between microbiome and MiRNAs in carcinogenesis.

Authors:
Qinglin Wang Hanlin Ding Gaochao Dong Lin Xu Feng Jiang Qixing Mao

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021 May 25;147(5):1299-1305. Epub 2021 Mar 25.

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Baiziting 42, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.

There is evidence from numerous studies that dysbiosis of the microbiome provokes various immune-mediated diseases, obesity, diabetes, and cancers by regulating metabolites, host genetics, environmental elements, and stress. Such reports are yet to define an accurate regulatory network for host-gut microbiome communication. miRNAs have recently emerged as crucial mediators of this communication, as portrayed by their interaction with the host microbiome. This mini-review summarizes the bi-direction effects between miRNA and microbiome and elucidates their role in carcinogenesis. An in-depth understanding of the association of miRNA with host-microbiome could be valuable to improve cancer remission, diagnosis, and treatment, and may help to potential tumor markers.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00432-021-03567-wDOI Listing
May 2021

Progesterone activates the cyclic AMP-protein kinase A signalling pathway by upregulating in fertile men.

Authors:
Feng Jiang Yong Zhu Ying Chen Xiaofeng Tang Liu Liu Guowu Chen Yulin Liu Xiaoxi Sun

J Int Med Res 2021 Mar;49(3):300060521999527

Shanghai JIAI Genetics & IVF Institute-China USA Center, Shanghai, China.

Objective: This was a prospective study to investigate whether progesterone affects sperm activity by regulating the cyclic AMP-protein kinase A (cAMP-PKA) signalling pathway via α/β hydrolase domain-containing protein 2 (ABHD2).

Methods: Spermatozoa were collected from healthy and infertile men (with oligoasthenospermia or abnormal acrosome; n = 30/group). The expression of and mutations in were detected by quantitative PCR, western blot, and gene sequencing. The expression of in the presence of progesterone was detected in all groups, and cAMP and PKA levels were detected by ELISA in fertile men after treatment with ABHD2 antibody and PKA inhibitor H-89, respectively.

Results: Expression of ABHD2 mRNA and protein were reduced in spermatozoa from infertile compared with fertile men. Four gene mutation sites were detected in spermatozoa from the infertile groups. Progesterone increased mRNA and protein levels of ABHD2 in healthy spermatozoa but not in spermatozoa from infertile men. The levels of cAMP and PKA were increased by progesterone in healthy spermatozoa, and the progesterone-increased cAMP and PKA were decreased by ABHD2 antibody and H-89, respectively.

Conclusion: Progesterone regulates the ABHD2-mediated cAMP-PKA signalling pathway in healthy spermatozoa, which provides a new target for clinical diagnosis and treatment of infertility.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060521999527DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7995462PMC
March 2021

Correlations between Serum P2X7, Vitamin A, 25-hydroxy Vitamin D, and Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia.

Authors:
Fanjun Meng Ping Chen Xiaolong Guo Xiaoru Li Yuexuan Wu Wenen Liu Feng Jiang Huan Liu Lixin Wang

J Clin Lab Anal 2021 Mar 16:e23760. Epub 2021 Mar 16.

Medical Experiment Center, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.

Background: Identifying new molecular diagnostic markers for Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia (MPP) has always been an essential topic since MPP cases have increased every year, especially among children. Here, we examined the correlation between serum level of Purinergic receptor P2X7, vitamin A, and 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) and the severity of MPP, aiming to identify molecules that have the potential to become diagnostic markers.

Methods: This study was conducted on 186 cases aged 1-14 (136 MPP and 50 non-MPP patients). Serum levels of Purinergic receptor P2X7, vitamin A, 25(OH)D, and multiple inflammatory and immune factors were measured, compared, and tested for statistical significance.

Results: Serum P2X7, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels were significantly increased in severe MPP patients, while serum vitamin A, 25(OH)D, IgA, and IgG levels were significantly decreased.

Conclusion: Our results demonstrated a positive correlation between serum P2X7 level and the severity of MPP, and negative correlations between serum levels of vitamin A and 25(OH)D and the severity of MPP, suggesting that high serum levels of P2X7 and low serum levels of vitamin A and 25(OH)D may indicate relatively severer MPP.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcla.23760DOI Listing
March 2021

Resources and Workforce in Top-Tier Psychiatric Hospitals in China: A Nationwide Survey.

Authors:
Lei Xia Feng Jiang Jeffrey Rakofsky Yulong Zhang Yudong Shi Kai Zhang Tingfang Liu Yuanli Liu Huanzhong Liu Yi-Lang Tang

Front Psychiatry 2021 24;12:573333. Epub 2021 Feb 24.

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.

Mental healthcare has gained momentum and significant attention in China over the past three decades. However, many challenges still exist. This survey aimed to investigate mental health resources and the psychiatric workforce in representative top-tier psychiatric hospitals in China. A total of 41 top-tier psychiatric hospitals from 29 provinces participated, providing data about numbers and types of psychiatric beds, numbers of mental health professionals, outpatient services and hospitalization information covering the past 3 years, as well as teaching and training program affiliation. Significant variations were found among participating hospitals and across different regions. Most of these hospitals were large, with a median number of psychiatric beds of 660 (range, 169-2,141). Child and geriatric beds accounted for 3.3 and 12.6% of all beds, respectively, and many hospitals had no specialized child or geriatric units. The overall ratios of psychiatrists, psychiatric nurses, and psychologists per bed were 0.16, 0.34, and 0.03, respectively. More than 40% of the hospitals had no clinical social workers. Based on the government's staffing guidelines, less than one third (31.7%) of the hospitals reached the lower limit of the psychiatric staff per bed ratio, and 43.9% of them reached the lower limit of the nurse per bed ratio. Although some progress has been made, mental health resources and the psychiatric workforce in China are still relatively insufficient with uneven geographical distribution and an acute shortage of psychiatric beds for children and elderly patients. In the meantime, the staffing composition needs to be optimized and more psychologists and social workers are needed. While addressing these shortages of mental health resources and the workforce is important, diversifying the psychiatric workforce, promoting community mental health care, and decentralizing mental health services may be equally important.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.573333DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7943845PMC
February 2021

A pilot-scale sulfur-based sulfidogenic system for the treatment of Cu-laden electroplating wastewater using real domestic sewage as electron donor.

Authors:
Guibiao Li Zhensheng Liang Jianliang Sun Yanying Qiu Chuyin Qiu Xiaomin Liang Yuhang Zhu Peng Wang Yu Li Feng Jiang

Water Res 2021 May 3;195:116999. Epub 2021 Mar 3.

School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China. Electronic address:

Elemental sulfur (S) reduction process has been demonstrated as an attractive and cost-efficient approach for metal-laden wastewater treatment in lab-scale studies. However, the system performance and stability have not been evaluated in pilot- or large-scale wastewater treatment. Especially, the sulfide production rate and microbial community structure may significantly vary from lab-scale system to pilot- or large-scale systems using real domestic sewage as carbon source, which brings questions to this novel technology. In this study, therefore, a pilot-scale sulfur-based sulfidogenic treatment system was newly developed and applied for the treatment of Cu-laden electroplating wastewaters using domestic sewage as carbon source. During the 175-d operation, >99.9% of Cu (i.e., 5580 and 1187 mg Cu/L for two types of electroplating wastewaters) was efficiently removed by the biogenic hydrogen sulfide that produced through S reduction. Relatively high level of sulfide production (200 mg S/L) can be achieved by utilizing organics in raw domestic sewage, which was easily affected by the organic content and pH value of the domestic sewage. The long-term feeding of domestic sewage significantly re-shaped the microbial community in sulfur-reducing bioreactors. Compared to the reported lab-scale bioreactors, higher microbial community diversity was found in our pilot-scale bioreactors. The presence of hydrolytic, fermentative and sulfur-reducing bacteria was the critical factor for system stability. Accordingly, a two-step ecological interaction among fermentative and sulfur-reducing bacteria was newly proposed for sulfide production: biodegradable particulate organic carbon (BPOC) was firstly degraded to dissolved organic carbon (DOC) by the hydrolytic and fermentative bacteria. Then, sulfur-reducing bacteria utilized the total DOC (both DOC degraded from BPOC and the original DOC present in domestic sewage) as electron donor and reduced the S to sulfide. Afterwards, the sulfide precipitated Cu in the post sedimentation tank. Compared with other reported technologies, the sulfur-based treatment system remarkable reduced the total chemical cost by 87.5‒99.6% for the same level of Cu removal. Therefore, this pilot-scale study demonstrated that S reduction process can be a sustainable technology to generate sulfide for the co-treatment of Cu-laden electroplating wastewater and domestic sewage, achieving higher Curemoval and higher cost-effectiveness than the conventional technologies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2021.116999DOI Listing
May 2021

The apple MdPTI1L kinase is phosphorylated by MdOXI1 during S-RNase-induced reactive oxygen species signaling in pollen tubes.

Authors:
Chuanbao Wu Zhaoyu Gu Tianzhong Li Jie Yu Chunsheng Liu Wenqi Fan Baoan Wang Feng Jiang Qiulei Zhang Wei Li

Plant Sci 2021 Apr 13;305:110824. Epub 2021 Jan 13.

Laboratory of Fruit Cell and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China. Electronic address:

Apple (Malus domestica) exhibits classic S-RNase-mediated gametophytic self-incompatibility. Previous studies have shown that the S-RNase secreted from style cells could trigger signal transduction and defense responses mediated by Ca and reactive oxygen species (ROS) after entering into the pollen tube. In this study, we investigated the downstream genes activated by ROS during S-RNase-mediated gametophytic self-incompatibility in pollen tubes. A substantial increase in ROS, as well as up-regulated expression of a serine-threonine protein kinase gene, OXIDATIVE SIGNAL-INDUCIBLE1 (MdOXI1), was detected in apple pollen tubes treated with self-S-RNase. A kinase assay-linked phosphoproteomics (KALIP) analysis suggested that MdOXI1 could bind and phosphorylate the downstream protein kinase Pto-interacting protein 1-like (MdPTI1L). The phosphorylation level of MdPTI1L was significantly reduced after silencing MdOXI1 with antisense oligonucleotides in the pollen tube. Silencing of either MdOXI1 or MdPTI1L alleviated the inhibitory effect of self-S-RNase on pollen tube growth. Our results thus indicate that MdPTI1L is phosphorylated by MdOXI1 in the pollen tube and participates in the ROS signaling pathway triggered by S-RNase.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110824DOI Listing
April 2021

Coordination between terminal variation of the viral genome and insect microRNAs regulates rice stripe virus replication in insect vectors.

Authors:
Wan Zhao Jinting Yu Feng Jiang Wei Wang Le Kang Feng Cui

PLoS Pathog 2021 Mar 10;17(3):e1009424. Epub 2021 Mar 10.

State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

Maintenance of a balance between the levels of viral replication and selective pressure from the immune systems of insect vectors is one of the prerequisites for efficient transmission of insect-borne propagative phytoviruses. The mechanism regulating the adaptation of RNA viruses to insect vectors by genomic variation remains unknown. Our previous study demonstrated an extension of the 3'-untranslated terminal region (UTR) of two genomic segments of rice stripe virus (RSV). In the present study, a reverse genetic system for RSV in human cells and an insect vector, the small brown planthopper Laodelphax striatellus, was used to demonstrate that the 3'-terminal extensions suppressed viral replication in vector insects by inhibiting promoter activity due to structural interference with the panhandle structure formed by viral 3'- and 5'-UTRs. The extension sequence in the viral RNA1 segment was targeted by an endogenous insect microRNA, miR-263a, which decreased the inhibitory effect of the extension sequence on viral promoter activity. Surprisingly, the expression of miR-263a was negatively regulated by RSV infection. This elaborate coordination between terminal variation of the viral genome and endogenous insect microRNAs controls RSV replication in planthopper, thus reflecting a distinct strategy of adaptation of phytoviruses to insect vectors.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009424DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7984632PMC
March 2021

Copper-Catalyzed Ring-Opening 1,3-Aminotrifluoromethylation of Arylcyclopropanes.

Authors:
Huan Zhang Haiwen Xiao Feng Jiang Yewen Fang Lin Zhu Chaozhong Li

Org Lett 2021 Mar 9;23(6):2268-2272. Epub 2021 Mar 9.

School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.

The copper-catalyzed reaction of arylcyclopropanes, -fluorobis(arenesulfonyl)imides, and (bpy)Zn(CF) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) at room temperature affords the corresponding ring-opening 1,3-aminotrifluoromethylation products in satisfactory yields. The protocol is highly regioselective, providing a convenient entry to γ-trifluoromethylated amines. A mechanism involving the trifluoromethylation of benzyl radicals is proposed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00390DOI Listing
March 2021

FAM201A knockdown inhibits proliferation and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells by regulating miR-7515/GLO1 axis.

Authors:
Jun Huang Qiuhua Yu Yanjuan Zhou Ying Chu Feng Jiang Qiang Wang

J Cell Physiol 2021 Mar 9. Epub 2021 Mar 9.

Department of Thoracic-cardiology, Affiliated Wujin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most important histological type of lung cancer. We aimed to identify the role of long noncoding RNA family with sequence similarity 201-member A (FAM201A) in the occurrence and development of LUAD. The expressions of FAM201A in LUAD tissues and cells were determined via reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The effects of FAM201A knockdown on LUAD cell malignant phenotypes were examined by cell counting kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine, flow cytometry, transwell assay and wound healing assay. The underlying mechanism by which FAM201A regulated LUAD progression was also studied. Nude mice LUAD xenograft model was constructed, to explore the in vivo effect of FAM201A. Our results showed that the FAM201A expression in LUAD tissues and cell lines was notably higher than normal tissues and cells. Downregulation of FAM201A suppressed the cell proliferation, migration and invasion and promoted the cell apoptosis in LUAD cells. While, FAM201A overexpression showed tumorigenesis effect on LUAD cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that FAM201A affected LUAD progression via targeting miR-7515 to promote GLO1 expression. FAM201A downregulation also suppressed LUAD development in vivo experiment. Our results indicated that FAM201A was an oncogene in LUAD and might be a novel therapeutic target for LUAD.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.30250DOI Listing
March 2021

ECMO combined with prone positioning strategies in COVID-19 respiratory distress syndrome.

Authors:
Yue Xu Yueh-Ting Chou Xin-Guang Wei Shan-Feng Zhang Feng Jiang Yan Liu

Perfusion 2021 Mar 5:267659121995999. Epub 2021 Mar 5.

Department of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Wuhan Asian Heart Hospital, Wuhan, China.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has already become a global pandemic as a public health emergency of international concern. Previous evidence from similar patient populations proved that carefully selected patients with severe ARDS who did not benefit from conventional treatment might be successfully supported with Veno-Venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO). We now share the case reports of COVID-19 patients with ECMO combined prone position strategies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267659121995999DOI Listing
March 2021

Rapid and Sensitive Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Using Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats.

Authors:
Jen-Hui Tsou Hongjie Liu Sanford A Stass Feng Jiang

Biomedicines 2021 Feb 27;9(3). Epub 2021 Feb 27.

Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 10 South Pine Street, MSTF 7th Floor, Baltimore, MD 21201-1192, USA.

Rapid and accurate detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is essential for controlling the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based technique is the standard test for detection of SARS-CoV-2, which, however, requires complicated sample manipulation (e.g., RNA extraction) and is time-consuming. We previously demonstrated that clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) could precisely detect Human papillomavirus and somatic mutations of Epidermal growth factor receptor gene and Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog gene in plasma. The objective of this study was to develop CRISPR as a rapid test for sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2. We first combined reverse transcription-isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification and CRSIPR to detect SARS-CoV-2 in genomic RNA of cells infected with the virus. The CRISPR assay with guide RNA against the M gene of SARS-CoV-2 had a sensitivity of 0.1 copies per µL for detection of the virus. We then used the CRSIPR assay to directly analyze raw SARS-CoV-2 samples. The CRISPR assay could sensitively detect SARS-CoV-2 in one hour without RNA extraction. This assay can be performed at a single temperature and with minimal equipment. The results were immediately visualized either by a UV light illuminator or paper strips. The diagnostic value of the test was confirmed in nasopharyngeal swab specimens. Altogether, we have developed a rapid CRISPR test for sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9030239DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7997215PMC
February 2021