Publications by authors named "Bo Wang"

3,953 Publications

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In-vivo imaging of melanoma with simultaneous dual-wavelength acoustic-resolution-based photoacoustic/ultrasound microscopy.

Authors:
Congcong Wang Lili Guo Guan Wang Tong Ye Bo Wang Jiaying Xiao Xinli Liu

Appl Opt 2021 May;60(13):3772-3778

Melanoma is a common, highly fatal skin cancer. Photoacoustic imaging can achieve highly sensitive and high-contrast detection of melanin molecules in tissues, also inheriting the high penetration depth and high spatial resolution characteristics of ultrasound imaging, thus it is a very promising non-invasive diagnostic tool for early melanoma. In this work, we built an acoustic-resolution-based photoacoustic microscopy system, using 1064 nm/532 nm pulsed light to observe melanoma in the back of a mouse with simultaneous photoacoustic/ultrasound imaging. Through the fusion of multi-modal images, accurate positioning of melanoma and its surrounding normal tissues were realized. This work will further promote the application of photoacoustic imaging in the clinical diagnosis of early melanoma.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.412609DOI Listing
May 2021

Data of a high temperature heat injection test.

Authors:
Stefan Heldt Bo Wang Linwei Hu Götz Hornbruch Klas Lüders Ulrike Werban Sebastian Bauer

Data Brief 2021 Jun 3;36:107035. Epub 2021 Apr 3.

Institute of Geosciences, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany.

This document compiles the data related to a high temperature heat injection test, which was carried out at an injection temperature of 74 °C in a shallow aquifer and is presented by Heldt et al. [1]. The data set contains transient measurements of temperatures at 18 wells in 10 depths and measurements of the experimental boundary conditions (injection temperature and flow rate) at a temporal resolution of up to 1 min. The spatial configuration and the technical details about where and how the data have been measured are provided. In addition, data of a multilevel multi well pumping test are shown. The presented data is useful to gain insights into the thermohydraulic processes induced by a high temperature heat injection test and can furthermore be used for the development and verification of numerical models of the presented experiment and similar applications like high temperature aquifer thermal energy storage.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2021.107035DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8082194PMC
June 2021

Riboflavin fortification of rice endosperm by metabolic engineering.

Authors:
Yong-Sheng Tian Jing Xu Bo Wang Xiao-Yan Fu Jian-Jie Gao Hong-Juan Han Zhen-Jun Li Li-Juan Wang Fu-Jian Zhang Wen-Hui Zhang Yong-Dong Deng Yu Wang Quan-Hong Yao Ri-He Peng

Plant Biotechnol J 2021 May 12. Epub 2021 May 12.

Biotechnology Research Institute of Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, China.

Riboflavin (vitamin B ) is an essential nutrient for human health and body development. Riboflavin deficiency may increase the risk of some diseases (Thakur et al., 2017). Humans must regularly consume a sufficient amount of riboflavin, as this vitamin cannot be stored in the body. Data from the 2010-2012 China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance indicated that the riboflavin dietary intake of 85.9% of 14- to 17-year-old Chinese participants was below the estimated average requirement (Wang et al., 2017).
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pbi.13615DOI Listing
May 2021

Metal-organic framework membranes with single-atomic centers for photocatalytic CO and O reduction.

Authors:
Yu-Chen Hao Li-Wei Chen Jiani Li Yu Guo Xin Su Miao Shu Qinghua Zhang Wen-Yan Gao Siwu Li Zi-Long Yu Lin Gu Xiao Feng An-Xiang Yin Rui Si Ya-Wen Zhang Bo Wang Chun-Hua Yan

Nat Commun 2021 May 11;12(1):2682. Epub 2021 May 11.

Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China.

The demand for sustainable energy has motivated the development of artificial photosynthesis. Yet the catalyst and reaction interface designs for directly fixing permanent gases (e.g. CO, O, N) into liquid fuels are still challenged by slow mass transfer and sluggish catalytic kinetics at the gas-liquid-solid boundary. Here, we report that gas-permeable metal-organic framework (MOF) membranes can modify the electronic structures and catalytic properties of metal single-atoms (SAs) to promote the diffusion, activation, and reduction of gas molecules (e.g. CO O) and produce liquid fuels under visible light and mild conditions. With Ir SAs as active centers, the defect-engineered MOF (e.g. activated NH-UiO-66) particles can reduce CO to HCOOH with an apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) of 2.51% at 420 nm on the gas-liquid-solid reaction interface. With promoted gas diffusion at the porous gas-solid interfaces, the gas-permeable SA/MOF membranes can directly convert humid CO gas into HCOOH with a near-unity selectivity and a significantly increased AQE of 15.76% at 420 nm. A similar strategy can be applied to the photocatalytic O-to-HO conversions, suggesting the wide applicability of our catalyst and reaction interface designs.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22991-7DOI Listing
May 2021

Curcumin improves insulin sensitivity and increases energy expenditure in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice associated with activation of FNDC5/irisin.

Authors:
Tiande Zou Shuo Li Bo Wang Zirui Wang Yue Liu Jinming You

Nutrition 2021 Apr 7;90:111263. Epub 2021 Apr 7.

Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi, China. Electronic address:

Objective: Curcumin (Cur) has a beneficial role in preventing metabolic dysfunctions; however, the underlying mechanism are not yet fully understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the beneficial metabolic effects of curcumin are associated with the regulation of energy metabolism and activation of fibronectin type 3 domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5)/irisin.

Methods: We used cellular and molecular techniques to investigate the effects of Cur on C57 BL/6 mice that were fed either a control diet or a high-fat diet (HFD) with or without 0.2% Cur for 10 wk. Factors involved in energy metabolism, inflammatory responses, and insulin signaling, as well as the involvement of FNDC5/irisin pathway, were assessed.

Results: Cur alleviated adiposity and suppressed inflammatory response in white adipose tissue (WAT) of HFD mice. Meanwhile, Cur administration increased plasma irisin concentration and improved insulin sensitivity of HFD mice. Cur increased the oxygen consumption and heat production and reduced respiratory exchange ratio (RES) in HFD mice, which were accompanied by the enhancement of metabolic activity in brown fat and inguinal WAT. Additionally, the improvement of basal metabolic rate by Cur may be partly regulated by the FNDC5/ p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK)/extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) 1/2 pathway.

Conclusions: These findings demonstrated that dietary Cur alleviated diet-induced adiposity by improving insulin sensitivity and whole body energy metabolism via the FNDC5/p38 MAPK/ERK pathways.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2021.111263DOI Listing
April 2021

Effect of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) saponins on meat color and myoglobin reduction status in the longissimus thoracis muscle of growing lambs.

Authors:
Ce Liu Chen-Chen Xu Yang-Hua Qu Ping-Ting Guo Yong Ma Bo Wang Hao Zhang Hai-Ling Luo

Anim Sci J 2021 Jan;92(1):e13556

State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Collage of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.

The effect of alfalfa saponins (AS) supplementation on the meat quality especially the color for growing lamb was investigated. Fifty Hu male lambs with body weights (BW, 19.21 ± 0.45 kg) were divided into five groups and supplemented AS with 0, 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 mg/kg of dietary dry matter intake. After 90 days, all lambs were slaughtered. The longissimus thoracis muscle in lamb displayed significant changes in the content of intramuscular fat, especially n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and drip loss within AS treatment (p < .05) between control and treatments groups. Redness (a*) significantly improved in both 0-day and 7-day storage with the AS supplementation coupled with the percentage of met-myoglobin reduction (p < .05). The redness (a*) change may result from improved met-myoglobin reducing activity, antioxidant enzymes, lactate dehydrogenase, and succinate dehydrogenase (p < .05) by AS supplementation in muscle. These enzymes may help to protect mitochondria function and reduce met-myoglobin, which bring a bright and red meat color.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/asj.13556DOI Listing
January 2021

CUL4B facilitates HBV replication by promoting HBx stabilization.

Authors:
Haixia Shan Bo Wang Xiaodong Zhang Hui Song Xi Li Yongxin Zou Baichun Jiang Huili Hu Hao Dou Changshun Shao Lifen Gao Chunhong Ma Xiaoyun Yang Xiaohong Liang Yaoqin Gong

Cancer Biol Med 2021 May 9. Epub 2021 May 9.

Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology and Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.

Objective: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem worldwide. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying HBV replication remain unclear. Cullin 4B-RING ubiquitin E3 ligase (CRL4B) is involved in regulating diverse physiological and pathophysiological processes. In our study, we aimed to explain the role of CUL4B in HBV infection.

Methods: transgenic mice or conditional knockout mice, as well as liver cell lines with CUL4B overexpression or knockdown, were used to assess the role of CUL4B in HBV replication. Immunoprecipitation assays and immunofluorescence staining were performed to study the interaction between CUL4B and HBx. Cycloheximide chase assays and ubiquitination assays were performed to evaluate the half-life and the ubiquitination status of HBx.

Results: The hydrodynamics-based hepatitis B model in transgenic or conditional knockout mice indicated that CUL4B promoted HBV replication ( < 0.05). Moreover, the overexpression or knockdown system in human liver cell lines validated that CUL4B increased HBV replication in an HBx-dependent manner. Importantly, immunoprecipitation assays and immunofluorescence staining showed an interaction between CUL4B and HBx. Furthermore, CUL4B upregulated HBx protein levels by inhibiting HBx ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation ( < 0.05). Finally, a positive correlation between CUL4B expression and HBV pgRNA level was observed in liver tissues from HBV-positive patients and HBV transgenic mice.

Conclusions: CUL4B enhances HBV replication by interacting with HBx and disrupting its ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation. CUL4B may therefore be a potential target for anti-HBV therapy.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0468DOI Listing
May 2021

A Systematic Analysis on COVID-19 Patients in Inner Mongolia Based on Dynamic Monitoring.

Authors:
Lan Yu Tianbao Li Li Gao Bo Wang Jun Chai Xiaoli Shi Rina Su Geng Tian Jialiang Yang Dejun Sun

Biomed Res Int 2021 20;2021:5559187. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine/Key Laboratory of National Health Commission for the Diagnosis & Treatment of COPD, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.

COVID-19 has spread globally with over 90,000,000 incidences and 1,930,000 deaths by Jan 11, 2021, which poses a big threat to public health. It is urgent to distinguish COVID-19 from common pneumonia. In this study, we reported multiple clinical feature analyses on COVID-19 in Inner Mongolia for the first time. We dynamically monitored multiple clinical features of all 75 confirmed COVID-19 patients, 219 pneumonia patients, and 68 matched healthy people in Inner Mongolia. Then, we studied the association between COVID-19 and clinical characteristics, based on which to construct a novel logistic regression model for predicting COVID-19. As a result, among the tested clinical characteristics, WBC, hemoglobin, C-reactive protein (CRP), ALT, and Cr were significantly different between COVID-19 patients and patients in other groups. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.869 for the logistic regression model using multiple factors associated with COVID-19. Furthermore, the CRP reaction showed five different time-series patterns with one-peak and double-peak modes. In conclusion, our study identified a few clinical characteristics significantly different between COVID-19 patients and others in Inner Mongolia. The features can be used to establish a reliable logistic regression model for predicting COVID-19.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5559187DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8059476PMC
April 2021

Combined IFN-β and PLT Detection Can Identify Kawasaki Disease Efficiently.

Authors:
Kan Huijuan Dong Yaping Wang Bo Hou Miao Qian Guanghui Yan Wenhua

Front Pediatr 2021 22;9:624818. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital Soochow University, Suzhou, China.

To evaluate the value of combined interferon β (IFN-β) and platelet (PLT) detection for Kawasaki disease (KD) identification. Forty-four children who were newly diagnosed with KD were selected as the KD group. They were divided into acute phase of KD and subacute phase of KD. They were also separated into groups with and without coronary artery disease (CAD) (CAD+ and CAD-, respectively). Meanwhile, 44 children hospitalized with febrile disease and 44 healthy children were selected as a febrile control group and normal control group, whom were attended to at Children's Hospital of Soochow University at the same time. We detected the concentration of IFN-β and PLT of peripheral blood serum for all three groups and analyzed the difference. At acute and subacute phases of KD, both IFN-β and PLT are higher than both the febrile control group and healthy control group, especially at subacute phase; the difference between groups was statistically significant, < 0.05. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that the areas under the ROC curve (AUCs) of IFN-β and PLT at acute phase of KD were 0.81 and 0.72, respectively; the sensitivity and specificity were 97.22 and 63.64%, and 57.89 and 73.86%, respectively. The AUCs of combined IFN-β and PLT were 0.81 at acute phase and 0.96 at subacute phase of KD, with sensitivity and specificity of 97.22 and 55.26%, and 86.36 and 100%, respectively. The cutoff value of combined IFN-β and PLT detection was IFN-β = 3.51 pg/ml and PLT = 303 × 10/L at acute phase of KD, IFN-β = 4.21 pg/ml and PLT = 368 × 10/L at subacute phase from plot vs. criterion values. However, there are no significant differences between the CAD- group and the CAD+ group for combined IFN-β and PLT, both > 0.5, neither at acute nor at subacute phase of KD. Combined IFN-β and PLT detection is an efficient biomarker for KD identification. The cutoff values are IFN-β = 3.51 pg/ml and PLT = 303 × 10/L at acute phase of KD and IFN-β = 4.21 pg/ml and PLT = 368 × 10/L at subacute phase.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fped.2021.624818DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8100027PMC
April 2021

Bioremediation of Crude Glycerol by a Sustainable Organic-Microbe Hybrid System.

Authors:
Ho Shing Chan Kemeng Xiao Tsz Ho Tsang Cuiping Zeng Bo Wang Xingxing Peng Po Keung Wong

Front Microbiol 2021 8;12:654033. Epub 2021 Apr 8.

School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

with crude glycerol-utilizing and hydrogen (H)-producing abilities was successfully isolated from return activated sludge from Shatin Sewage Treatment Works. The H production strategy used in this study was optimized with crude glycerol concentrations, and 1,020 μmol of H was generated in 3 h. An organic-microbe hybrid system was constructed with metal-free hydrothermal carbonation carbon (HTCC) microspheres to enhance the H production under visible light (VL) irradiation. Under optimized VL intensity and HTCC concentration, an elevation of 35.3% in H production can be obtained. Electron scavenger study revealed that the photogenerated electrons (e) from HTCC contributed to the additional H production. The variation in intercellular intermediates, enzymatic activity, and reducing equivalents also suggested that the photogenerated e interacted with cells to direct the metabolic flux toward H production. This study demonstrated the feasibility of using an organic-microbe hybrid system as a waste-to-energy technology.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.654033DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8103898PMC
April 2021

Effects of intensive blood pressure control on mortality and cardiorenal function in chronic kidney disease patients.

Authors:
Yong Zhang Jing-Jing Li An-Jun Wang Bo Wang Shou-Liang Hu Heng Zhang Tian Li Yan-Hong Tuo

Ren Fail 2021 Dec;43(1):811-820

Department of Nephrology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.

Background: Blood pressure (BP) variability is highly correlated with cardiovascular and kidney outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, appropriate BP targets in patients with CKD remain uncertain.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of CKD patients who underwent intensive BP management. Kappa score was used to assess inter-rater agreement. A good agreement between the authors was observed to inter-rater reliability of RCTs selection (kappa = 0.77;  = 0.005).

Results: Ten relevant studies involving 20 059 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, intensive BP management may reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease mortality (RR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.53 to 0.90, : 0.01), all-cause mortality (RR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.67 to 0.88,  < 0.01) and composite cardiovascular events (RR: 0.84 95% CI: 0.75 to 0.95,  < 0.01) in patients with CKD. However, reducing BP has no significant effect on the incidence of doubling of serum creatinine level or 50% reduction in GFR (RR: 1.26, 95% CI: 0.66 to 2.40,  = 0.48), composite renal events (RR 1.07, 95% CI: 0.81 to 1.41,  = 0.64) or SAEs (RR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.90 to 1.05,  = 0.48).

Conclusion: In patients with CKD, enhanced BP management is associated with reduced all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and incidence of composite cardiovascular events.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0886022X.2021.1920427DOI Listing
December 2021

Effectiveness and safety of ivabradine in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Authors:
Bo Wang Xiaoxia Zhang Jun Chen Shixiong Chen Qinghua Chen Senyan Yang Qiugui Wang

Ann Palliat Med 2021 Apr;10(4):4523-4531

Department of Internal Medicine, Danzhou People's Hospital, Danzhou, China.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases have become a prominent threat to public health and quality of life. In recent years, some studies have reported that ivabradine can improve the cardiac function and prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Methods: We searched China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database, Chinese Biomedical Literature (CBM), Chongqing Weipu Chinese Sci-tech Journal Database (VIP), PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of ivabradine in the treatment of AMI from January 1980 until December 2020. Each RCT was systematically reviewed.

Results: A total of 7 RCTs with 658 patients were included. Compared with the control group, the heart rate [mean deviation (MD) =-9.20, 95% confidence interval (CI): -13.03 to -5.38, P<0.00001] and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) (MD =-112.73, 95% CI: -186.12 to -39.35, P=0.003) of patients who received ivabradine combined with conventional standard treatment were significantly lower and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (MD =3.17, 95% CI: 2.12 to 4.23, P<0.00001) was significantly better. The difference in adverse events was not statistically significant [odds ratio (OR) =2.45, 95% CI: 0.92 to 6.55, P=0.07].

Discussion: Ivabradine combined with β-blockers can reduce the resting heart rate and improve heart function in patients with AMI while not increasing adverse events. However, due to limitations in the number and quality of studies included, our conclusions need to be further confirmed by analyzing more studies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/apm-21-563DOI Listing
April 2021

A comparative study on fabrication techniques of gelable bone matrix derived from porcine tibia.

Authors:
Wuwei Li Feilong Wang Cleon Barnett Bo Wang

J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021 May 8. Epub 2021 May 8.

Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.

Recently, several types of native tissues have been enzymatically digested to prepare hydrogels that have natural-mimic extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, architecture, and biologic activities. However, the residual detergents and salts remaining in the hydrogel may cause some undesirable effects on compatibility, functionality, and bioactivity of the material. In this study, we enzymatically digested the demineralized and decellularized bone matrix (DDBM) and adopted two common methods that included dialysis against distilled water and acetone precipitation for sample desalting. Efficiency in salt removal, protein preservation, gelation ability, and in vivo biocompatibility and function were compared to the DDBM digest without a desalting treatment. After lyophilization, the dialyzed, precipitated, and non-desalted DDBM digests all exhibited cotton-like texture and were water-soluble; however, only the precipitated DDBM digest could be gelled. We also found that the method of acetone precipitation could effectively remove salt from the DDBM digest while preserving of multiple proteins from the native bone and internal porous structure. A total of 57 proteins were identified by mass spectrometry in the precipitated DDBM digest and the majority of these proteins are critical to overall protein assembly, scaffold structure and stability, and cell-activities. Additionally, the precipitated DDBM digest possessed enhanced biocompatibility and osteointegration in repairing a cranial bone defect in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat. In conclusion, the soluble, biodegradable, and biocompatible natures of the precipitated DDBM digest allow its usage in bone tissue engineering as a protein carrier because of its resemblance to native bone-like protein composite and operative flexibility.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.34860DOI Listing
May 2021

The Synthesis of Hexaazatrinaphthylene Based 2D Conjugated Copper Metal-Organic Framework for Highly Selective and Stable Electroreduction of CO⁠2⁠ to Methane.

Authors:
Yanze Liu Shuai Li Lu Dai Jiani Li Jianning Lv Zhejiaji Zhu Anxiang Yin Peng-Fei Li Bo Wang

Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021 May 7. Epub 2021 May 7.

Beijing Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry, No. 5, South Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, 100081, Beijing, CHINA.

2D conjugated MOFs have attracted significant interests in recent years owing to their special structural features and promising physical and chemical properties. These intriguing attributes, to a large extent, stem from the nature of incorporated ligands. The available ligands for the construction of 2D conjugated MOFs are still limited, especially those have heteroatoms included and exposed to the pores. In this work, we designed and synthesized a highly symmetric hexaazatrinaphthylene (HATNA) based ligand with two different coordination sites. Through selective coordination, a highly crystalline and porous 2D conjugated copper metal-organic framework was constructed. Due to the synergic effects of HATNA and copper catecholate node, this HATNA based 2D conjugated MOF can mediate the electrocatalytic reduction CO2 to methane with high selectivity of 78% at high current density of 8.2 milliamperes per square centimetre (mA cm -2 ) for long durability over 12 hours.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.202105966DOI Listing
May 2021

Biodegradability of Micro/Nanomotors: Challenges and Opportunities.

Authors:
Shuanghu Wang Jia Xu Quan Zhou Peiwu Geng Bo Wang Yunfang Zhou Kun Liu Fei Peng Yingfeng Tu

Adv Healthc Mater 2021 May 6:e2100335. Epub 2021 May 6.

School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.

Micro/nanomotors (MNMs) are miniature machines that can convert chemical or external energy into their own mechanical motions. In previous decades, significant efforts have been made to improve the performance of MNMs. For practical applications, the biodegradability of MNMs is an important aspect that must be considered, particularly in the biomedical field. In this review, recent progress in the biodegradability of MNMs and their potential applications are summarized. Different biodegradable materials, including metals and polymers, or other strategies for the fabrication of MNMs, are presented. Current challenges and future perspectives are also discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adhm.202100335DOI Listing
May 2021

Association of Early and Late Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury and Long-Term Mortality in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography.

Authors:
Zhubin Lun Jin Liu Liwei Liu Jingjing Liang Guanzhong Chen Shiqun Chen Bo Wang Qiang Li Haozhang Huang Zhidong Huang Danyuan Xu Yunzhao Hu Ning Tan Jiyan Chen Yong Liu Jianfeng Ye

J Interv Cardiol 2021 8;2021:6641887. Epub 2021 Mar 8.

Department of Cardiology, Dongguan TCM Hospital, Dongguan 523000, China.

Background: Contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) is a common complication in patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG). However, few studies demonstrate the association between the prognosis and developed CA-AKI in the different periods after the operation.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 3206 patients with preoperative serum creatinine (Scr) and at least twice SCr measurement after CAG. CA-AKI was defined as an increase ≥50% or ≥0.3 mg/dL from baseline in the 72 hours after the procedure. Early CA-AKI was defined as having the first increase in SCr within the early phase (<24 hours), and late CA-AKI was defined as an increase in SCr that occurred for the first time in the late phase (24-72 hours). The first endpoint of this study was long-term all-cause mortality. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to count the cumulative mortality, and the log-rank test was used to assess differences between curves. Univariate and multivariate cox regression analyses were performed to assess whether patients who developed different type CA-AKI were at increased risk of long-term mortality.

Results: The number of deaths in the 3 groups was 407 for normal (12.7%), 106 for early CA-AKI (32.7%) and 57 for late CA-AKI (17.7%), during a median follow-up period of 3.95 years. After adjusting for important clinical variables, early CA-AKI (HR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.02-1.74, =0.038) was significantly associated with mortality, while late CA-AKI (HR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.65-1.31, =0.633) was not. The same results were found in patients with coronary artery disease, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, and percutaneous coronary intervention.

Conclusions: Early increases in Scr, i.e., early CA-AKI, have better predictive value for long-term mortality. Therefore, in clinical practice, physicians should pay more attention to patients with early renal injury related to long-term prognosis and give active treatment.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6641887DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8074549PMC
March 2021

Association between baseline LDL-C and prognosis among patients with coronary artery disease and advanced kidney disease.

Authors:
Bo Wang Shiqun Chen Jin Liu Yan Liang Liangguang Meng Xiaoming Yan Haozhang Huang Guanzhong Chen Zhidong Huang Danyuan Xu Min Li Jingjing Liang Shuangxin Liu Jiyan Chen Yong Liu Ning Tan

BMC Nephrol 2021 May 6;22(1):168. Epub 2021 May 6.

Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.

Background: Lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is significantly associated with improved prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, LDL-C reduction does not decrease all-cause mortality among CAD patients when renal function impairs. The association between low baseline LDL-C (< 1.8 mmol/L) and mortality is unknown among patients with CAD and advanced kidney disease (AKD). The current study aimed to evaluate prognostic value of low baseline LDL-C level for all-cause death in these patients.

Methods: In this observational study, 803 CAD patients complicated with AKD (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m) were enrolled between January 2008 to December 2018. Patients were divided into two groups (LDL-C < 1.8 mmol/L, n = 138; LDL-C ≥ 1.8 mmol/L, n = 665). We used Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox regression analyses to assess the association between baseline low LDL-C levels and long-term all-cause mortality.

Results: Among 803 participants (mean age 67.4 years; 68.5% male), there were 315 incidents of all-cause death during a median follow-up of 2.7 years. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that low LDL-C levels were associated with worse prognosis. After adjusting for full 24 confounders (e.g., age, diabetes, heart failure, and dialysis, etc.), multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that lower LDL-C level (< 1.8 mmol/L) was significantly associated with higher risk of all-cause death (adjusted HR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.01-1.89).

Conclusions: Our data demonstrated that among patients with CAD and AKD, a lower baseline LDL-C level (< 1.8 mmol/L) did not present a higher survival rate but was related to a worse prognosis, suggesting a cautiousness of too low LDL-C levels among patients with CAD and AKD.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12882-021-02375-1DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8101096PMC
May 2021

Establishment of reference intervals of ten commonly used clinical chemistry analytes: a real-world study in China.

Authors:
Sailimai Man Yongxiang Gao Jun Lv Cheng Jin Weiru Pan Hong Wei Bo Wang Liming Li Yi Ning

Biomark Med 2021 May 6. Epub 2021 May 6.

Department of Epidemiology, Meinian Institute of Health, Beijing, 100191, China.

This real-world study was aimed at establishing reference intervals (RIs) of ten commonly used clinical chemistry analytes (total cholesterol, triglycerides, Apo A1, Apo B, creatine kinase (CK), CK isoenzyme MB, glucose, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyltransferase and blood urea nitrogen) in an apparently healthy population in China.  A total of 17,356 healthy participants aged 18-79 years who underwent check-up at MJ Health Check-up Center were included. The establishment of RIs was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute EP28-A3c guideline. Roche Cobas c701 automatic analyzer (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany) was employed to measure the concentrations of analytes. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, Apo B, CK, alkaline phosphatase, glucose, γ-glutamyltransferase and blood urea nitrogen required gender and age-specific partitioning. The RIs established in this study were parallel to current national standards and previous RIs established in Chinese population. Real-world studies may play an important and practical role in the determination of RIs in the future.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/bmm-2021-0233DOI Listing
May 2021

miR-142-3p and HMGB1 Are Negatively Regulated in Proliferation, Apoptosis, Migration, and Autophagy of Cartilage Endplate Cells.

Authors:
Bo Wang Demin Ji Wenhua Xing Feng Li Zhi Huang Wenkai Zheng Jianmin Xue Yong Zhu Xuejun Yang

Cartilage 2021 May 6:19476035211012444. Epub 2021 May 6.

Surgical Department of Thoracolumbar, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.

Background: Cartilage endplate (CEP) degeneration plays a vital role in the pathological process of intervertebral disc degeneration. It has been previously reported that microRNAs may participate in the occurrence and development of intervertebral disc degeneration through regulating its target genes directly. The regulatory roles of miR-142-3p/HMGB1 in some orthopedic diseases have been determined successively, but there was no report about the degeneration of CEP. Therefore, we aimed to determine the regulation of miR-142-3p/HMGB1 or potential molecular mechanisms on proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and autophagy of CEP cells.

Methods: The target gene of miR-142-3p was determined by double luciferase assay. We selected ATDC5 cell lines. CCK-8 method was used to detect cell proliferation. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to determine gene expression levels, and western blot analysis was used to determine protein expression levels. We chose flow cytometry to measure cell apoptosis and cell cycle.

Results: The result of luciferase detection showed that the target gene of miR-142-3p in CEP cells was HMGB1. Knockdown of the miR-142-3p inhibited the expression level of HMGB1, the proliferation and migration of CEP cells, but it promoted apoptosis of CEP cells. In addition, the detection results of the proteins related to apoptosis or autophagy showed that knockdown of miR-142-3p promoted apoptosis and autophagy.

Conclusion: The negative regulation of miR-142-3p/HMGB1 can affect the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and autophagy of CEP cells. Our results provide a new idea for the targeted treatment of CEP degeneration by inhibiting the expression of HMGB1.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19476035211012444DOI Listing
May 2021

Proteomic analysis of human frontal and temporal cortex using iTRAQ-based 2D LC-MS/MS.

Authors:
Long Xu Haidan Sun Yang Zhang Zhengguang Guo Xiaoping Xiao Xin Zhou Kun Hu Wei Sun Bo Wang Weiming Liu

Chin Neurosurg J 2021 May 5;7(1):27. Epub 2021 May 5.

Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 West Road, South Fourth Ring Road, Beijing, 100070, China.

Background: The human brain is the most complex organ in the body, and it is important to have a better understanding of how the protein composition in the brain regions contributes to the pathogenesis of associated neurological disorders.

Methods: In this study, a comparative analysis of the frontal and temporal cortex proteomes was conducted by isobaric tags of relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) labeling and two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (2D LC-MS/MS). Brain protein was taken from relatively normal tissue that could not be avoided of damage during emergent surgery of the TBI (traumatic brain injury) patients admitted in Beijing Tiantan Hospital from 2014 to 2017. Eight cases were included. Four frontal lobes and 4 temporal lobes proteome were analyzed and the proteins were quantitated. Gene Ontology (GO), Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were used to analyze the biological function of identified proteins, unchanged proteins, and differentially expressed proteins (DEPs).

Results: A total number of 2127 protein groups were identified in the frontal and temporal lobe proteomes. A total of 1709 proteins could be quantitated in both the frontal and temporal cortex. Among 90 DEPs, 14 proteins were screened highly expressed in the temporal cortex, including MAPT, SNCG, ATP5IF1, GAP43, HSPE1, STMN1, NDUFS6, LDHB, SNCB, NDUFA7, MRPS36, EPDR1, CISD1, and RALA. In addition, compared to proteins expressed in the frontal cortex, 14 proteins including EDC4, NIT2, VWF, ASTN1, TGM2, SSB, CLU, HBA1, STOM, CRP, LRG1, SAA2, S100A4, and VTN were a low expression in the temporal cortex. The biological process enrichment showed that unchanged proteins between the frontal and temporal cortex mainly take part in regulated exocytosis, axon guidance, and vesicle-mediated transport. The KEGG pathway analysis showed that unchanged proteins between the frontal and temporal cortex mainly take part in oxidative phosphorylation, carbon metabolism, Huntington's disease, and Parkinson's disease.

Conclusions: The majority of proteins are unchanged between the frontal and temporal cortex, and unchanged proteins are closely related to its function. Among DEPs, MATP (tau) is upregulated in the temporal cortex, closely related to Alzheimer's disease (AD), and is one of the targets for the treatment of AD. CLU is downregulated in the temporal cortex which functions as an extracellular chaperone that prevents aggregation of non-native proteins. It was suggested that the temporal lobe may not be the "functional dumb area" of the traditional view, but could be involved in important neural metabolic circuits.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41016-021-00241-5DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8101246PMC
May 2021

Mapping single-cell atlases throughout Metazoa unravels cell type evolution.

Authors:
Alexander J Tarashansky Jacob M Musser Margarita Khariton Pengyang Li Detlev Arendt Stephen R Quake Bo Wang

Elife 2021 May 4;10. Epub 2021 May 4.

Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, United States.

Comparing single-cell transcriptomic atlases from diverse organisms can elucidate the origins of cellular diversity and assist the annotation of new cell atlases. Yet, comparison between distant relatives is hindered by complex gene histories and diversifications in expression programs. Previously, we introduced the self-assembling manifold (SAM) algorithm to robustly reconstruct manifolds from single-cell data (Tarashansky et al., 2019). Here, we build on SAM to map cell atlas manifolds across species. This new method, SAMap, identifies homologous cell types with shared expression programs across distant species within phyla, even in complex examples where homologous tissues emerge from distinct germ layers. SAMap also finds many genes with more similar expression to their paralogs than their orthologs, suggesting paralog substitution may be more common in evolution than previously appreciated. Lastly, comparing species across animal phyla, spanning mouse to sponge, reveals ancient contractile and stem cell families, which may have arisen early in animal evolution.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.66747DOI Listing
May 2021

Exposure time is an important variable in quantifying post-dispersal seed removal.

Authors:
Si-Chong Chen Bo Wang Angela T Moles

Ecol Lett 2021 May 3. Epub 2021 May 3.

Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.

A literature synthesis concluded that small mammals have the greatest impact on post-dispersal removal of intermediate-sized seeds (Dylewski et al. 2020). However, this study failed to consider the duration of seed exposure to predators. Re-analyses of the corrected dataset revealed only a weak effect of seed mass on seed removal.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ele.13744DOI Listing
May 2021

Prediction of lymph node metastasis in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma using the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-neutrophil ratio.

Authors:
Bo Wang Junwen Liu Zhengrong Zhong

J Clin Lab Anal 2021 May 4:e23684. Epub 2021 May 4.

Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Background: Lymph node metastasis in a variety of tumors is associated with systemic inflammatory markers. However, this association has not been reported in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC). This study aimed to investigate how the preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-neutrophil ratio (PNR) in OTSCC patients correlated with the occurrence of OTSCC and lymph node metastasis.

Methods: The data of 73 patients with primary OTSCC who underwent surgical resection were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with other malignant tumors, patients who had received radiotherapy or chemotherapy before surgery, and patients with active inflammation were excluded. The enrolled patients were divided into groups N (no early-stage lymph node metastasis) and N (early-stage lymph node metastasis). Venous blood samples were collected before surgery and at the third week after surgery and subjected to complete blood counting in a blood analyzer. Eighty-seven healthy people were included as a control group. In addition, the NLR and PNR in OTSCC patients were compared with those in the controls, and the postoperative NLR and PNR of group N were compared with those of group N .

Results: The NLR was significantly higher in the OTSCC patients than the controls (p < 0.05). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.595. Further comparison of the NLR and PLR between group N and group N showed that when NLR was ≤1.622, and the probability of early-stage lymph node metastasis in OTSCC patients was 73.3%, and when PNR was >60.889, the probability was 86.7%. In re-examination 3 weeks postoperatively, the NLR and PNR were not significantly different between groups.

Conclusion: The NLR has certain reference value for the diagnosis of OTSCC. The preoperative NLR and PNR can be used to predict early-stage lymph node metastasis in patients with histopathologically confirmed OTSCC.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcla.23684DOI Listing
May 2021

The relationship between different types of caries and periodontal disease severity in middle-aged and elderly people: findings from the 4th National Oral Health Survey of China.

Authors:
Li Xia Yu Xing Wang Xi Ping Feng Bao Jun Tai De Yu Hu Bo Wang Chun Xiao Wang Shu Guo Zheng Xue Nan Liu Wen Sheng Rong Wei Jian Wang Yan Si Huan Cai Lin

BMC Oral Health 2021 May 3;21(1):229. Epub 2021 May 3.

Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, 56 West Lingyuan Road, Guangzhou, 510000, People's Republic of China.

Background: The relationship between dental caries and periodontal disease is still controversial. The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between different types of caries and periodontal disease severity in middle-aged and elderly people in China.

Methods: The study population consisted of 4407 middle-aged and 4117 elderly subjects. Caries were divided into the following three types: type A, crown caries; type B, lesions involving both the crown and root, representing mixed-type caries; and type C, root caries. These three types together represent the overall caries situation, which we call type ABC. Caries were quantitated by decayed and filled teeth (DFT index). Periodontitis was evaluated by clinical attachment loss.

Results: Middle-aged people with periodontitis had a significant association with DFT type B (OR: 1.21, 95% CI 1.17-1.25) and type C (OR: 1.40, 95% CI 1.24-1.56). Elderly people with periodontitis had a significant association with DFT type C (OR: 1.28, 95% CI 1.21-1.35).

Conclusions: In China, caries types B/C were positively correlated with periodontitis in the middle-aged group, and only caries type C was positively correlated with periodontitis in the elderly group.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-021-01585-1DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8094505PMC
May 2021

Anisotropic Evaporator with a T-Shape Design for High-Performance Solar-Driven Zero-Liquid Discharge.

Authors:
Hanwen Liu Ruizhi Jin Sicong Duan Yujun Ju Zhuoyue Wang Ke Yang Baodui Wang Bo Wang Yonggang Yao Fengjuan Chen

Small 2021 May 3:e2100969. Epub 2021 May 3.

State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.

Solar-driven evaporation is regarded as a sustainable wastewater treatment strategy for clean water recovery and salt condensation. However, achieving both high evaporation rate and long-term stability remain challenging due to poor thermal management and rapid salt accumulation and blocking. Here, a T-shape solar-driven evaporator, composed of a surface-carbonized longitudinal wood membrane (C-L-wood) is demonstrated as the top "" for solar harvesting/vapor generation/salt collection and another piece of natural L-wood as the support "" for brine transporting and thermally insulating. The horizontally aligned micro-channels of C-L-wood have a low perpendicular thermal conductivity and can effectively localize the thermal energy for rapid evaporation. Meanwhile, the brine is guided to transport from the support L-wood ("") to the centerline of the top evaporator and then toward the double edge (""), during which clean water is evaporated and salt is crystallized at the edge. The T-shape evaporator demonstrates a high evaporation rate of 2.43 kg m h under 1 sun irradiation, and is stable for 7 days of the outdoor operation, which simultaneously realizes clean water evaporation and salt collection (including Cu , CrO , Co ), and achieves zero-liquid discharge. Therefore, the T-shape design provides an effective strategy for high performance wastewater treatment.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.202100969DOI Listing
May 2021

Experimental and natural evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced activation of type I interferon responses.

Authors:
Arinjay Banerjee Nader El-Sayes Patrick Budylowski Rajesh Abraham Jacob Daniel Richard Hassaan Maan Jennifer A Aguiar Wael L Demian Kaushal Baid Michael R D'Agostino Jann Catherine Ang Tetyana Murdza Benjamin J-M Tremblay Sam Afkhami Mehran Karimzadeh Aaron T Irving Lily Yip Mario Ostrowski Jeremy A Hirota Robert Kozak Terence D Capellini Matthew S Miller Bo Wang Samira Mubareka Allison J McGeer Andrew G McArthur Andrew C Doxey Karen Mossman

iScience 2021 Apr 26:102477. Epub 2021 Apr 26.

Department of Medicine, McMaster University; Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada.

Type I interferons (IFNs) are our first line of defence against virus infection. Recent studies have suggested the ability of SARS-CoV-2 proteins to inhibit IFN responses. Emerging data also suggest that timing and extent of IFN production is associated with manifestation of COVID-19 severity. In spite of progress in understanding how SARS-CoV-2 activates antiviral responses, mechanistic studies into wildtype SARS-CoV-2-mediated induction and inhibition of human type I IFN responses are scarce. Here we demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 infection induces a type I IFN response and in moderate cases of COVID-19. stimulation of type I IFN expression and signaling in human airway epithelial cells is associated with activation of canonical transcriptions factors, and SARS-CoV-2 is unable to inhibit exogenous induction of these responses. Furthermore, we show that physiological levels of IFNα detected in patients with moderate COVID-19 is sufficient to suppress SARS-CoV-2 replication in human airway cells.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2021.102477DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8074517PMC
April 2021

Efficacy and Safety of Denosumab in Osteoporosis or Low Bone Mineral Density Postmenopausal Women.

Authors:
Yi Chen Jun Zhu Yiqin Zhou Jinhui Peng Bo Wang

Front Pharmacol 2021 14;12:588095. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.

Denosumab, a human monoclonal antibody, acts against the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand and is a promising antiresorptive agent in patients with osteoporosis. This study aimed to update the efficacy and safety of denosumab vs. placebo in osteoporosis or low bone mineral density (BMD) postmenopausal women. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting the efficacy and safety data of denosumab vs. placebo in osteoporosis or low BMD postmenopausal women. A random-effects model was used to calculate pooled weight mean differences (WMDs) or relative risks (RRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for treatment effectiveness of denosumab vs. placebo. Eleven RCTs including 12,013 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis or low BMD were preferred for the final meta-analysis. The summary results indicated that the percentage change of BMD in the denosumab group was greater than that of BMD in placebo at 1/3 radius (WMD: 3.43; 95%CI: 3.24-3.62; < 0.001), femoral neck (WMD: 3.05; 95%CI: 1.78-4.33; < 0.001), lumbar spine (WMD: 6.25; 95%CI: 4.59-7.92; < 0.001), total hip (WMD: 4.36; 95%CI: 4.07-4.66; < 0.001), trochanter (WMD: 6.00; 95%CI: 5.95-6.05; < 0.001), and total body (WMD: 3.20; 95%CI: 2.03-4.38; < 0.001). Moreover, denosumab therapy significantly reduced the risk of clinical fractures (RR: 0.57; 95%CI: 0.51-0.63; < 0.001), nonvertebral fracture (RR: 0.83; 95%CI: 0.70-0.97; = 0.018), vertebral fracture (RR: 0.32; 95%CI: 0.25-0.40; < 0.001), and hip fracture (RR: 0.61; 95%CI: 0.37-0.98; = 0.042). Finally, denosumab did not cause excess risks of adverse events. These findings suggested that postmenopausal women receiving denosumab had increased BMDs and reduced fractures at various sites without inducing any adverse events.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.588095DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8080120PMC
April 2021

A novel rat model of chronic subdural hematoma: Induction of inflammation and angiogenesis in the subdural space mimicking human-like features of progressively expanding hematoma.

Authors:
Xin Xu Dong Wang Zhenying Han Bo Wang Weiwei Gao Yueshan Fan Fanjian Li Ziwei Zhou Chuang Gao Jianhua Xiong Shuai Zhou Shu Zhang Guili Yang Rongcai Jiang Jianning Zhang

Brain Res Bull 2021 Apr 28;172:108-119. Epub 2021 Apr 28.

Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Tianjin, 300052, China; Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, 154 Anshan Road, Tianjin, 300052, China. Electronic address:

Pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) involve localized inflammation, angiogenesis, and dysregulated coagulation and fibrinolysis. The scarcity of reproducible and clinically relevant animal models of CSDH hinders further understanding the underlying pathophysiology and improving new treatment strategies. Here, we developed a novel rat model of CSDH using extracellular matrices (Matrigel) and brain microvascular endothelial cell line (bEnd.3 cells). One hundred-microliter of Matrigel-bEnd.3 cell (10 cells per milliliter) mixtures were injected into the virtual subdural space of elderly male Sprague-Dawley rats. This approach for the first time led to a spontaneous and expanding subdural hematoma, encapsulated by internal and external neomembranes, formed as early as 3 d, reached its peak at 7 d, and lasted for more than 14 d, mimicking the progressive hemorrhage observed in patients with CSDH. The external neomembrane and hematoma fluid involved numerous inflammatory cells, fibroblasts, and highly fragile neovessels. Furthermore, a localized pathophysiological process was validated as evidenced by the increased expressions of inflammatory and angiogenic mediators in external neomembrane and hematoma fluid rather than in peripheral blood. Notably, the specific expression profiles of these mediators were closely associated with the dynamic changes in hematoma volume and neurological outcome. In summary, the CSDH model described here replicated the characteristics of human CSDH, and might serve as an ideal translational platform for preclinical studies. Meanwhile, the crucial roles of angiogenesis and inflammation in CSDH formation were reaffirmed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.04.024DOI Listing
April 2021

The mid-Miocene Zhangpu biota reveals an outstandingly rich rainforest biome in East Asia.

Authors:
Bo Wang Gongle Shi Chunpeng Xu Robert A Spicer Vincent Perrichot Alexander R Schmidt Kathrin Feldberg Jochen Heinrichs Cédric Chény Hong Pang Xingyue Liu Taiping Gao Zixi Wang Adam Ślipiński Mónica M Solórzano-Kraemer Sam W Heads M Jared Thomas Eva-Maria Sadowski Jacek Szwedo Dany Azar André Nel Ye Liu Jun Chen Qi Zhang Qingqing Zhang Cihang Luo Tingting Yu Daran Zheng Haichun Zhang Michael S Engel

Sci Adv 2021 Apr 30;7(18). Epub 2021 Apr 30.

Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, University of Kansas, 1501 Crestline Drive, Suite 140, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.

During the Mid-Miocene Climatic Optimum [MMCO, ~14 to 17 million years (Ma) ago], global temperatures were similar to predicted temperatures for the coming century. Limited megathermal paleoclimatic and fossil data are known from this period, despite its potential as an analog for future climate conditions. Here, we report a rich middle Miocene rainforest biome, the Zhangpu biota (~14.7 Ma ago), based on material preserved in amber and associated sedimentary rocks from southeastern China. The record shows that the mid-Miocene rainforest reached at least 24.2°N and was more widespread than previously estimated. Our results not only highlight the role of tropical rainforests acting as evolutionary museums for biodiversity at the generic level but also suggest that the MMCO probably strongly shaped the East Asian biota via the northern expansion of the megathermal rainforest biome. The Zhangpu biota provides an ideal snapshot for biodiversity redistribution during global warming.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abg0625DOI Listing
April 2021

Femtosecond laser inscribed chirped fiber Bragg gratings.

Authors:
Xue-Peng Pan Qi Guo Yuan-Da Wu Shan-Ren Liu Bo Wang Yong-Sen Yu Hong-Bo Sun

Opt Lett 2021 May;46(9):2059-2062

In this work, a method is proposed and demonstrated for fabrication of chirped fiber Bragg gratings (CFBGs) in single-mode fiber by femtosecond laser point-by-point inscription. CFBGs with bandwidths from 2 to 12 nm and dispersion ranges from 14.2 to 85 ps/nm are designed and achieved. The sensitivities of temperature and strain are 14.91 pm/°C and 1.21/µε, respectively. Compared to the present phase mask method, femtosecond laser point-by-point inscription technology has the advantage of manufacturing CFBGs with different parameter flexibilities, and is expected to be widely applied in the future.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OL.422576DOI Listing
May 2021